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Early experimental researchers compared the play of children who had seen aggressive behavior. on television with the play of a control group of children who had watched nonviolent programs.Concern was intensified by findings that indicated a higher level of aggressive play in the violent-television group.Other researchers attempted to determine whether violent programs simply stimulated higher energy levels in children or actually caused them to learn violent and antisocial behavior.The results of different studies conflicted.Some researchers claimed that televised violence actually had a positive cathartic effect, allowing some viewers to release heightening tensions; these findings, however, were not confirmed in further studies.Other scholars pointed out that both prosocial and antisocial behavior. can be learned from television.
Social scientists find it especially difficult to assess accurately the subtle, cumulative effects of viewing a broad variety of television programs throughout childhood.Distinguishing the possible effects of television from other influences at home and at school is also difficult.Current research suggests that moderately higher levels of anti-social behavior. can be traced to television viewing, but further study needs to be done to confirm it.
Because of the long-standing tradition in the U.S.of freedom of speech and of the press, the government would probably not attempt to directly limit or censor the appearance of violence of television.Among the networks and producers, pressure from concerned citizens continues to be balanced by the increasing popularity of high-energy action-adventure programs.
1.What is the passage mainly about？
A.Violence in television programs.
B.Levels of violence in action-adventure series and cartoons.
C.Educational programs for children.
D.Researches on television programs.
2.Those researchers who believe violence on TV has a positive effect on viewers think that （）.
A.it teaches people not to use violence to resolve conflicts
B.it stimulates higher energy levels in children
C.it helps let out people's undesirable emotions
D.it helps people to fight various social evils before them
3.A “prosocial” behavior. is one （）.
A.that is against the social norm
B.that meets the expectation of the society
C.that a child shows in communication with people
D.that can often be shaped by TV programs
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？
A.Television viewing leads naturally to antisocial behavior.
B.Violence on television does not help shape violent behavior. in children.
C.The effect of violent TV programs on children needs further study.
D.Both prosocial and antisocial behaviors can be learned from violent programs.
5.The last sentence of the passage implies （）.
A.the government will have to ban violence on TV under public pressure
B.violence in television programs will continue to appear in the future
C.producers and concerned citizens can work together to clean up TV programs
D.without violence, action-adventure programs would be more popular
Television has certainly changed our lives and our society. 45 its good points, it has brought many problems. We must find a solution to these problems because—whether we like it or not—television is here to stay.
36. A、brought
B、took
C、did
D、made
37. A、grew up
B、are growing up
C、have grown up
D、grow up
38. A、such
B、so an
C、such an
D、so
39. A、got
B、took
C、carried
D、brought
40. A、of
B、on
C、to
D、for
41. A、experiences
B、experience
C、experiencing
D、an experience
42. A、integrate
B、make
C、initiate
D、initiate
43. A、screens
B、faces
C、surfaces
D、appearances
44. A、dead
B、deaths
C、deads
D、death
45. A、Come with
B、With along
C、Upon with
D、Along with
Another disadvantage is that TV often causes people to become dissatisfied with their own lives. Real life does not seem as exciting to these people as the lives of actors on the screen. To many people, TV becomes more real than reality, and their own lives seem boring. Also, many people get upset or depressed when they can't solve problems in real life as quickly as TV actors seem to. On the screen, actors solve serious problems in a half-hour program or a thirty-second commercial
Before a child is fourteen years old, he or she views eleven thousand murders on the TV. He or she begins to believe that there is nothing strange about fights, killings, and other kinds of violence. Many studies show that people become more violent after certain programs. They may even do the things that they saw in a violent show
The most negative effect of the TV might be people's addiction to it. People often feel a strange and powerful need to watch TV even when they don't enjoy it. Addiction to a TV screen is similar to drug or alcohol addiction, people almost never believe they are addicted
Read Passage and decide whether the following statements are True or False. Write T for True and F for False against the number of each of the statements on your Answer Sheet
21. TV programs are definitely helpful to anyone
22. There are positive as well as negative effects of TV on our lives
23. TV can help improve one's foreign language
24. Watching a lot of TV won't affect our concentration at all
25. Some children spend more time watching TV than studying and sleeping
26. The lives of people in TV shows seem to be very exciting
27. TV programs can help people solve problems as quickly as the actors
28. TV violence makes some people, especially children, take violence in real Life for
granted
29. One of the symptoms of addiction to television is a strong desire to watch it even if
the program is not interesting
30. The passage mainly discusses the advantages of TV
1.In the past,many young people ______.
A.knew the effects of war
B.went in for politics
C.liked to save the wounded in wars
D.were willing to be soldiers
2.Now with TV people can _____.
A.discus politics at an information center
B.show more interest in politics
C.make their own decisions on political affairs
D.express their opinions freely
3.The author thinks that TV advertisements _____.
A.are not reliable on the whole
B.are useless to people
C.are a good guide to adults
D.are very harmful to the young
4.Which is NOT true according to the passage？_____
A.People have become used to crimes now
B.With a TV set some problems can be solved quickly
C.People now like to read books with picture
D.The adults are less violent than the young
5.From the passage,we can conclude that _____.
A.children should keep away from TV
B.TV programs should be improved
C.children’s books should have pictures
D.TV has a deep influence on the young
Violent programs on television may have a bad ______ on children.
A．effort
B．control
C．influence
D．affect
What are the responses to violent programs on news broadcasts？[Clink on 3 answers. ]
A．It is more acceptable as it"s real.
B．It is important to keep in touch with reality.
C．It would be better to restrict violent programs.
D．Let it be, different people have different interests.
Part B
Directions: You will hear four dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.
听力原文：M: Shall we watch TV for a while？
W: I don't like American TV. People keep hitting each other and shooting each other.
M: Some of the shows are pretty violent. But maybe life is like that.
W: I don't believe it. The people I've met here are very kind.
M: So are the people I know. But look at the newspapers. There's a lot of violence in every newspaper. Most of the news seems to be about crime.
W: Maybe nice people aren't interesting enough.
M: You're probably right. People won't but newspapers unless there's exciting news in them.
W: Is that why there's so much violence on TV？ Won't people watch a show unless violent things happen？
M: I don't know. A lot of people like shows about the Old West, with cowboys and Indians attacking each other. I don't like them myself.
W: Neither do I.
M: They don't show hoe people really lived in the Old West.
W: Of course not.
Why does the girl dislike American TV programs？
A．It is not so interesting.
B．It is full of violence.
C．She does not have enough time to watch TV.
D．It is full of news and ads.
What are the responses to violent programs on news broadcasts？
A．It is more acceptable as it"s real.
B．It is important to keep in touch with reality.
C．It would be better to restrict violent programs.
D．Let it be, different people have different interests.
Which of the following is NOT a suggestion for dealing with violent programs？
A．They should be banned only for children.
B．They should be banned for both children and adults.
C．They should be banned only for adults.
D．They shouldn"t be banned, for it is art.
M: Well, first… I think the media exacerbated the problem, and so does the school system. Where I live, we have thousands of security guards in the schools, and metal detectors, too. And the kids get searched as they go into school. Now all of that presents the wrong message. The kids don't feel like they're going to school. They feel like they're going to jail. And so they are more likely to lash out and become violent. I think it's a cause-and-effect relationship. The students get violent because the system makes them like that.
W: So you're saying that the messages kids get from the media, and even from school, are responsible for making them do bad things？
M: Yes, I am. I think that every young person is essentially good. I mean you see violent students, students who are violent in class, but put them on a one-to-one basis, and they are usually very friendly. It's not that they're really bad. It's that they're product of their environment. If you give them a more caring environment, you really can change the kind of actions they take.
W: Well, what about all the social support systems？
M: You see, the problem is that social support systems have really fallen apart. Take for example, Big Brother Big Sister Programs or After School Programs. I don't mean just letting them stay in school until 6 o'clock, doing whatever they want. They should be doing healthy, supervised activities, a structured program of activities, instructional programs, or it could be athletics. A lot of our schools used to have football teams, or basketball teams, or baseball teams, but the funding for programs like those has been cut. They've been eliminated. So that leaves the child with a lot of energy and nothing to do with it.
W: What do the Big Brother Big Sister Programs do？
M: Well, they have people a little older, say in their 20s, who are willing to spend time on an individual basis with the students in the middle school or in high school. See, the problem is that a lot of kids don't get the one-on-one attention they need. But kids need to see that somebody really cares about them.
W: But what about kids who really do commit crimes？ Stealing, pick pocketing or drug abuse, or something worse. I mean you do get cases where kids become involved in really serious crimes. I mean what should be done with kids like that？
M: Well, let me say that preventing crime is definitely better than punishing it. It's better to have good role models and stop crime before it starts. But we also need harsher punishments. You see some countries where drug crimes carry a maximum sentence of 20 years or life imprisonment, and the crime numbers go down very fast. Having stronger punishment does reduce crime. But you have to be sure that the punishments are fair. We're talking about juvenile crime. But white collar crime needs to be punished, too.
Questions:
11.On which of the following topics is the man being interviewed？
12.What is the interviewee's opinion about the kids~ getting violent？
13.According the interviewee, what should be done to change the violent actions that young people take？
14.The interviewee recommends several things that the kids can do after school which of the following is NOT one of these things？
15.Why does the man say that we need harsher punishments on serious juvenile crimes？
(31)
A．TV programs.
B．Media coverage on crime.
C．The school system.
D．Juvenile crime.
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