题目内容
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A、Line charts
B、Pie charts
C、Bar charts
D、Organizational charts
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A.a murderer
B.a criminal
C.a profiteer
D.a manufacturer
These conflicting ideals arise from uneasiness on the part of both photographers and viewers of photographs toward the aggressive component in "taking" a picture. Accordingly, the ideal of a photographer as observer is attracting because it implicitly denies that picture-taking is an aggressive act. The issue, of course, is not so clear-cut. What photographers do cannot be characterized as simply predatory or as simply, and essentially, benevolent. As a consequence, one ideal of picture-taking or the other is always being rediscovered and championed.
An important result of the coexistence of these two ideals is a recurrent ambivalence toward photography's means. Whatever are the claims that photography might make to be a form. of personal expression just like painting, its originality is closely linked to the power of a machine. The steady growth of these powers has made possible the extraordinary informativeness and imaginative formal beauty of many photographs, like Harold Edgerton's high-speed photographs of a bullet hitting its target or of the swirls and eddies of a tennis stroke. But as cameras become more sophisticated, more automated, some photographers are tempted to disarm themselves or to suggest that they are not really armed, preferring to submit themselves to the limit imposed by pre-modern camera technology because a cruder, less high-powered machine is thought to give more interesting or emotive results, to leave more room for creative accident. For example, it has been virtually a point of honor for many photographers, including Walker Evans and Cartier Bresson, to refuse to use modern equipment. These photographers have come to doubt the value of the camera as an instrument of "fast seeing". Cartier Bresson, in fact, claims that the modern camera may see too fast.
This ambivalence toward photographic means determines trends in taste. The cult of the future (of faster and faster seeing) alternates over time with the wish to return to a purer past when images had a handmade quality. This longing for some primitive state of the photographic enterprise is currently widespread and underlies the present-day enthusiasm for daguerreotypes and the work of forgotten nineteenth-century provincial photographers. Photographers and viewers of photographs, it seems, need periodically to resist their own knowingness.
Notes:
crop vt.播种，修剪(树木),收割。count for little 无关紧要。predatory 掠夺成性的。champion n.冠军; vt.支持。benevolent 好心肠的，行善的。ambivalence 矛盾心理。make (不定式)似乎要：He makes to begin. (他似乎要开始了)。swirls and eddies 漩涡。cult 狂热崇拜。daguerreotype 银板照相法。
The two directly opposite ideals of photography differ primarily in the _____.
A．emphasis that each places on the emotional impact of the finished product.
B．degree of technical knowledge that each requires of the photographer.
C．way in which each defines the role of the photographer.
D．extent of the power that each requires of the photographer's equipment.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Carmen Lomas Carza's eloquent etchings, lithographs, and gouache paintings depict primal images of the rural environment and communal cultural experience of Mexican-descended people in the United States. In an introspective and personal language, she describes the customs, traditions, and way of life of her Texan-Mexican heritage. By 1972, Lomas Garza had evolved her distinctive monitos, paintings of stylized figures in culturally specific social environments. She transposes images and scenes from her past, combining cultural documentation with invention in an interplay of fact and fiction. Through selection, emphasis, and creation, these monitos delineate facets of experience, expressing deeper truths.
Oral tradition is a mainstay of Chicano culture. In both urban and rural communities, a rich and varied repertoire of ballads, tales, and poetic forms is preserved in memory and passed form. generation to generation. Lomas Garza's monitors function as an oral tradition in visual form. Her unique art of storytelling employs iconographic elements to create a concentrated narration. Visual episodes within an unfolding epic tale of cultural regeneration, the monitors keep alive the customs and daily practices that give meaning and choerence to Chicano identity. They basic aim is to delight and instruct. For those outside Chicano cultural, the precise and minutely detailed monitors provide a glimpse into the rich and vibrant lifestyle. of the largest Spanish-speaking cultural group within United States socitey.
Although her art has an innocent earnestness and folklore affinity, Lomas Garza's expression is neither naive nor instinctive. The artist is highly trained academically, but has chosen to remain independent of dominant artistic trends in order to work toward a private aesthetic response to social concerns. While her work does not posit an over political statement, it originates from a desire to respond to the contemporary situation of Mexican Americans by expressing positive image of their culture.
What does the passage, mainly discuss？
A．Cultural aspects of Carmen Lomas Gaza's work
B．Carmen Lomas Garza's artistic training
C．Political aspects of Carmen Lomas Garza's work
D．Critical reviews of Carmen Lomas Garza's work
The 11% growth rate of the U. S. economy indicates that the nation______.
A．operates on constantly positive trends of economic growth
B．grows at a constant rate over time
C．has ups and downs, but over the long-term is generally up
D．is the ideal investment setting for long-term investors
I'm not going to take long -- just long enough to give you an overview of developments so that we can discuss the implications. Do interrupt me if you've got any questions or comments. So, let's start by looking at trends over the last ten years. On this first transparency you'll see two pie charts -- the first represents the milk product market ten years ago, the second, how it looks now. There are two outstanding features: firstly, the total market has grown substantially from 280 million litres to 440 million litres; secondly, the actual sector share of the. tour main milk products has changed radically; the full milk sector has fallen dramatically from 74% to just 53% -- here on the pie chart; the skimmed milk sector has rocketed from only 12% to 40% , reflecting the weight of publicity directed towards low fat diets. The other two sectors are long life milk and milk drinks. It's interesting to see that the long life sector has risen from 5% to 13% -- a significant rise considering initial consumer resistance to this type of milk. And finally, the milk drinks have remained pretty stable, just increasing by 1%. So the two big winners of the decade are skimmed milk and long life milk.
Now, what's really important is the likely trends over the next ten years in these four sectors. If you look at this graph you will see the same trends I just outlined for the four sectors. Beyond this line we've plotted the anticipated trends over the next ten years. We forecast that the full milk sector will decline more gradually over the next five years to around 40% and then fall a further 2'% by the end of the 10-year period.
&8226;Look at the notes about the key trends in the milk drinks market.
&8226;Some information is missing.
&8226;You will hear part of a presentation on the subject.
&8226;For each question (16 -22), fill in the missing information in the numbered space using one or two words.
&8226;You will hear the recording twice.
There are two outstanding (16) ______
Total market has grown from 280
million litres to (17) ______ million litres.
The full milk sector has fallen from (18) ______ to just 53%.
The skimmed milk sector has
risen from (19) ______ to 40%.
The other two sectors are long life
milk and (20) ______
The long life sector has risen from (21) ______ to
The full milk sector will decline ... by
the end of the (22) ______ period:
(16)
A、The pop music tends to reflect existing trends rather than progressive developments.
B、The pop music aims to appeal to a general audience rather than to a particular sub-culture or ideology.
C、The pop music focuses on recording, production, and technology, over live performance.
D、None of above
According to the passage, which of the following is true about "coffee to go"？
A．It is part of everyday life for Europeans.
B．It means to have cakes and cookies to go with the coffee.
C．It revealed the fact that Europe is behind trends in America.
D．It is very likely to reshape coffee drinking cultures all over the world.
Cost controls can be best described by which of the following？
A.The process of developing the future trends along with the assessment of probabilities, uncertainties, and inflation that could occur during the project
B.The process of assembling and predicting cots of project over its life cycle
C.The process of establishing budgets, standards, and a monitoring system by which the investment cost of the project can be measured and managed
D.The process of gathering, accumulating, analyzing, monitoring, reporting, and managing the costs on an on-going basis
Cost estimating can be best described by which of the following:
A.The process of developing the future trends along with the assessment of probabilities, uncertainties, and inflation that could occur during the project
B.The process of assembling and predicting costs of a project over its life cycle
C.The process of establishing budgets, standards, and a monitoring system by which the investment cost of the project can be measured and managed
D.The process of gathering, accumulating, analyzing, monitoring, reporting, and managing the costs on an on-going basis
Observers of family life have suggested that numerous changes are taking place in this traditional American family form. Included are the following general observations about trends.
More men and women seem to be living together before getting married.
Women and men seem to be marrying at a later age.
Married couples are having fewer children.
Unmarried women appear to be having more children.
Wives, even mothers with small children, are increasingly likely to be employed outside the home.
Marriages are more likely to end with divorce.
Single-parent families are more prevalent.
Remarriage is likely to follow divorce rather than widowhood.
Remarriage rates are declining, especially for women.
Some trends, viewed in a long-range historical context, appear not to be trends at all. The age at which men and women normally marry is the same now as it was 100 years ago, though it has fluctuated (变动，波动); a short-range increase in the 1940s and 1950s due to widespread postponement of marriage in war time made it appear that a change had occurred. Other trends appear to be following established patterns rather than representing a sharp break with tradition. Divorce rates have been increasing and families have been having fewer children for well over a century. Single-parent families and stepfamilies were very common in the past, although the reason for them was different. Many marriages formerly are dissolved and followed by remarriage because of the death of a parent or partner. Today single parenthood and remarriage are more likely to be a response to divorce.
Some social scientists see in these changes the breakdown of the family, to the detriment of the society. We take the position that family institutions and systems, like all human systems, are open, take many forms, and are constantly changing.
The major topic of the passage is ______ .
A．assumptions about traditional family
B．recent trends in traditional family form
C．new problems in family
D．reasons for breakdown of family
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