Longfellow’s inner feelings is always as optimistic as his poems.

That everyone’s too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully： There’s never any time to read.

What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don’t seem sufficient. The web’s full of articles offering tips on making time to read: “Give up TV” or “Carry a book with you at all times” But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn’t work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you’re so exhausted that a challenging book’s the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, “is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication…It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption”. Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can’t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.

In fact, “becoming more efficient” is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you’ll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. “The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,” writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes）as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them”. No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.

So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You’d think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us “step outside time’s flow” into “soul time”. You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. “Carry a book with you at all times” can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you’re “making time to read,” but just reading, and making time for everything else.

The usual time-management techniques don’t work because?

A.what they can offer does not ease the modern mind

B.what challenging books demand is repetitive reading

C.what people often forget is carrying a book with them

D.what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed

“Carry a book with you at all times” can work if?A.reading becomes your primary business of the day

B.all the daily business has been promptly dealt with

C.you are able to drop back to business after reading

D.time can be evenly split for reading and business

The “empty bottles” metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to?A.update their to-do lists

B.make passing time fulfilling

C.carry their plans through

D.pursue carefree reading

The best title for this text could be?A.How to Enjoy Easy Reading

B.How to Find Time to Read

C.How to Set Reading Goals

D.How to Read Extensively

Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps?A.encourage the efficiency mind-set

B.develop online reading habits

C.promote ritualistic reading

D.achieve immersive reading

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

Choose two of the following questions and give brief answers in English Give explanations of the symbolic meaning of “Pequod” in Moby-Dick by Melville. Discuss the allegory and symbolism in Moby-Dick. Analyze the characters in Melville’s works. What’s Herman Melville’s “black” vision of life and human beings? Why do you think Longfellow can earn such a great popularity in the readers of the 19thcentury? Summarize Longfellow’s typical poetic features in your own words. Exemplify the optimistic feeling expressing in Longfellow’s poems.

A、lyrical poetry with chanting refrains

B、poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme

C、poetry without rhymes at the end of the lines but with a fixed beat

D、poetry in an irregular metric form and expressing noble feelings

A、Mark Twain

B、Walt Whitman

C、Emily Dickinson

D、Ezra Pound

A、“A Pact”

B、“Song of Myself”

C、“There was a Child Went Forth”

D、“Mending the Wall”

A、blank verse

B、free verse

C、heroic couplet

D、sonnet

A、“The Secret of the Sea”

B、The Scarlet Letter

C、“Hymn to the Night”

D、Leaves of Grass