Over the years, college students have stood together for what they believe in, from civil rights to anti-war policies to the more recent protests against the unequal distribution of wealth. But nowhere in history have students banned (禁 止)bottled water. Until now.
The bottled water ban, which Parted on just a few campuses, has now spread nationwide to more than 20 universities. The colleges have cither completely banned the use of plastic bottles altogether, or some have taken a more limited approach with partial bans.
Many people believe that producing and bottled water wastes money and harms the environment. They say that bottled water is unnecessary because public water supplies in the U.S. arc among the best in the world. Water fountains and reusable bottles with easy access (获取)to filling stations are a better choice.
An organization called Ban the Bottle raises awareness about the economic and environmental costs of using plastic bottles. The group claims that eight glasses of water a day costs each person 49 cents annually, while drinking from plastic containers costs $I,400 per year. Plastic bottles contain antimony—a chemical that in low doses causes depression, but in large doses can even lead to death.
The controversy over bottled or tap is not limited to the students and college administrations. The makers of bottled water see the movement as a threat. (80) They argue that plastic bottles make UP a small portion of the nation ’s total waste. It&39;s unfair to single out (单独挑出)their product when so many other items are packaged in plastic containers. Plus, water is a healthy choice compared to some sodas and juices that arc also sold at school.
Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
A.Many universities ban or restrict the sale of bottled water.
B.Many states ban or restrict the sale of bottled water.
C.The bottled water industry is concerned about its decreasing sales.
D.Many people are opposed to the bottled water ban.
The word controversy in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _____.A.choice
B.control
C.argument
D.statement
According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A.All the universities have banned the sale of bottled water.
B.Plastic bottles may do harm to peopled health.
C.The purchase of soft drinks will increase.
D.Bottled is cheap and environment-friendly.
According to Ban the Bottle, drinking bottled water costs _____ dollars per year.A.8
B.20
C.49
D.1400
What does the bottled water industry use in its own defense?A.Bottled water is much leaner than tap water.
B.Students should have freedom of choice.
C.The bottles are made in a more environment-friendly way.
D.Water is healthier than some sodas and juices.
A、The rank of an m×n matrix A is equal to the number of nonzero singular values of A, where singular values are counted according to multiplicity.
B、If A is an n×n matrix, then A and AT have the same eigenvectors.
C、If A is symmetric, then eA is symmetric positive definite.
D、Let A be a nonsingular n × n matrix and let be an eigenvalue of A, then λ−1 is an eigenvalue of A−1.
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
“Sugar, alcohol and tobacco,” economist Adam Smith once wrote, “are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation.”
Two and a half centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco. With surging obesity levels putting increasing strain on public health systems, governments around the world have begun to toy with the idea of taxing sugar as well.
Whether such taxes work is a matter of debate. A preliminary review of Mexico’s taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales of untaxed and healthier drinks. By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier fare.
The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government action. Nonetheless, the renewed focus on waistlines means that industry groups are under pressure to demonstrate their products are healthy as well as tasty.
Over the past three decades, the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of its offerings. For example, some drink manufacturers have cut the amount of sugar in their beverages.
Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient. More recently, however, some companies have been investing money in a more ambitious undertaking: learning how to adjust the fundamental make-up of the food they sell. For example, having salt on the outside, but none on the inside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.
While reformulating recipes (配方)is one way to improve public health, it should be part of a multi-sided approach. The key is to remember that there is not just one solution. To deal with obesity, a mixture of approaches—including reformulation, taxation and adjusting portion sizes—will be needed. There is no silver bullet.
46.What did Adam Smith say about sugar, alcohol and tobacco?
A.They were profitable to manufacture.
B.They were in ever-increasing demand.
C.They were subject to taxation almost everywhere.
D.They were no longer considered necessities of life.
47.Why have many countries started to consider taxing sugar?A.They are under growing pressure to balance their national budgets.
B.They find it ever harder to cope with sugar-induced health problems.
C.The practice of taxing alcohol and tobacco has proved both popular and profitable.
D.The sugar industry is overtaking alcohol and tobacco business in generating profits.
48.What do we learn about Danish taxation on fat-rich foods?A.It did not work out as well as expected.
B.It gave rise to a lot of problems on the border.
C.It could not succeed without German cooperation.
D.It met with firm opposition from the food industry.
49.What is the more recent effort by food companies to make foods and drinks both healthy and tasty?A.Replacing sugar or salt with alternative ingredients.
B.Setting a limit on the amount of sugar or salt in their products.
C.Investing in research to find ways to adapt to consumers’ needs.
D.Adjusting the physical composition of their products.
50.What does the author mean by saying, at the end of the passage, “There is no silver bullet”(Line 4,Para.7)?
A.There is no single easy quick solution to the problem.
B.There is no hope of success without public cooperation.
C.There is no hurry in finding ways to solve the obesity problem.
D.There is no effective way to reduce people’s sugar consumption.
A、True
B、False
C、Not given
D、Not sure
A、True
B、False
C、Not given
D、Not sure
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