题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A.last … alleviate
B.use … reduce
C.maintain … relieve
D.remain ... release
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更多“Such practices as reducing the emissions of carbon dioxide and using goods that __________ longer wi…”相关的问题
A、Employees in flexible and effective workplaces are more engaged with their work
B、They're more satisfied and more loyal
C、They have lower levels of stress and higher levels of mental health
D、Deep, flexible practices actually lowered operating costs and increased adaptability in a global service economy
听力原文：M Do I need an attorney to file a trademark application？
W No, but if you've never applied for a trademark you might want to find an attorney who's familiar with trademark issues. There are certain "best practices" for filling out your application that they can help you with.
M If I do want to use an attorney who specializes in trademarks, how would I go about finding one？
W It's pretty easy. Just look in the phone book. They're usually listed by specialty.
Which of the following does the man want to do？
A．Write a contract
B．Locate a document
C．Negotiate a lease
D．File an application
SECTION B INTERVIEW
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview.
听力原文： (I -- Interviewer; S -- Dr. Anthony Smith)
I: Today, we have Dr. Anthony Smith on our morning talk show. We're going to discuss how to give doctors better skills to communicate bad news. Dr. Smith is a medical oncologist at the University of Washington and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle. He and four colleagues are in the fifth year leading a program funded with one and one-half million dollars from the National Cancer Institute. Good morning Dr. Smith.
S: Good morning.
I: Dr. Smith says specially trained actors play cancer patients to help oncologists learn how to avoid sounding insensitive when the prognosis is grim.
S: Probably the biggest misconception I face is that you're either born with this or you're not. In fact, what the research shows is that people learn to do this over time. And the way they learn to do it is they see good role models, they practice, they get specific feedback on what they're doing, they try out new things, they innovate and develop new conversational practices for themselves.
I: Can you give us some examples of those conversational practices？ What are some ways to impart bad news？
S: Here's an example: the patient has had cancer in the past, has been doing well and is coming in for some routine follow-up tests. The routine follow-up tests unexpectedly show the cancer has started to come back. The doctor will typically go in and say to the patient, "Guess what？ Your cancer's back." And the patient will be just blown away, right？ There are a couple of practices that doctors can do that can help. One is to start with -- especially if you don't know the patient -- asking what the patient expected, what they understood about their cancer, what they were expecting with this test. Because if the patient says to you "You know, they didn't tell me anything. I'm just here because I got this appointment in the mail," that's one whole kind of comprehension level. Whereas if the patient says "I had at-one-n-one-m-zero lung cancer and they told me I had a fifty-five percent chance of disease recurrence in the next two years," that's a whole different story, right？ The second thing is that after you give this difficult news, then I think it's really important to address both the cognitive reaction and also the kind of the emotional side of it.
I: What are some of the phrases or the ways in which you can tell this news？
S: You know, the way to make it easier is to make sure that you are going from the context the patient drew for you. So you go from what the patient understands and you try to use their words as much as possible. And then, when you get to the really bad part of the news, I think it's actually important to be direct and concrete and not to tell the news. It's better to say "The cancer has come back" than to say "There are hypo-densities in your liver on the CT" or "You have a malignancy." All those euphemisms force patients to struggle to understand what's happening to them, and it adds to their confusion and distress.
I: Well, should they say things like "I wish things were different" or "I hope for the best", or should a doctor kind of maintain a distance？
S: You know, my thought about that actually is that the more skilled the physician, the less they have to distance themselves. There are some phrases that we use, and the most important ones are really the ones that are about empathy for the patient. You know," "I see this is a difficult situation," "I see this is not what you expected," "I'm hoping for the best." And I think it's fine for doctors to talk about hope, and I think it's important actual
A．They try to help cancer patients overcome fright.
B．They help doctors become sensitive to patients' feelings.
C．They have been doing the research for five years.
D．There are totally five of them in the research program.
Say goodbye to the Mountain Gorilla. Say farewell to the Short Tailed Chinchilla.
That's the conclusion of the United Nations Environment Program's(UNEP) Third Global Environmental Outlook Report. The report was compiled(编写) for the UN from the work of 1,100 scientists. It predicts the state of the planet in the year 2032 based on the policies and practices of the last 30 years. If these continue, UNEP says, we're going to be living on a very lonely planet. By 2032, one quarter of the world's mammal species(哺乳动物种群) will disappear. They will be joined by 12% of the world's bird species. And according to UNEP, 5,611 species of plants will also be wiped out-but since only 4% of the world's plant species have been examined in detail, that figure will probably be much higher.
UNEP blames a variety of causes, from poverty and overpopulation to pollution, global warming and profit-driven economic and trade policies. But there is some good news. There has been an 85% reduction in the use of chemicals, for instance. And around 10% of the earth's surface is in protected areas like national parks, five times as much as 30 years ago.
"We can never know for certain what lies before us," said a UNEP official. "The future is another country. But we can see how our actions or lack of actions might shape the environment and the inhabitants(居民) of this extraordinary blue planet by 2032."
At the beginning of the passage, "Mountain Gorilla" and "Short Tailed Chinchilla" seem to be some ______.
A．mountains
B．rivers
C．animals
D．sceneries
Task 2
Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 through 45.
Say goodbye to the Mountain Gorilla. Say farewell to the Short Tailed Chinchilla.
That's the conclusion of the United Nations Environment Program's(UNEP) Third Global Environmental Outlook Report. The report was compiled(编写) for the UN from the work of 1,100 scientists. It predicts the state of the planet in the year 2032 based on the policies and practices of the last 30 years. If these continue, UNEP says, we're going to be living on a very lonely planet. By 2032, one quarter of the world's mammal species(哺乳动物种群) will disappear. They will be joined by 12% of the world's bird species. And according to UNEP, 5,611 species of plants will also be wiped out-but since only 4% of the world's plant species have been examined in detail, that figure will probably be much higher.
UNEP blames a variety of causes, from poverty and overpopulation to pollution, global warming and profit-driven economic and trade policies. But there is some good news. There has been an 85% reduction in the use of chemicals, for instance. And around 10% of the earth's surface is in protected areas like national parks, five times as much as 30 years ago.
"We can never know for certain what lies before us," said a UNEP official. "The future is another country. But we can see how our actions or lack of actions might shape the environment and the inhabitants(居民) of this extraordinary blue planet by 2032."
At the beginning of the passage, "Mountain Gorilla" and "Short Tailed Chinchilla" seem to be some ______.
A．mountains
B．rivers
C．animals
D．sceneries
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
As concern about swine flu sweeps the globe, the best way to protect yourself from contracting it or other infectious diseases is with a dose of common sense: Wash your hands frequently, cover your coughs and sneezes and stay home from work or school if you feel ill.
These guidelines may seem basic, but they’re effective in warding off the spread of infections. Richard Besser, acting director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), said, “Control of an outbreak of infectious disease is a shared responsibility. It’s important that individuals realize they have a key role to play in reducing their own likelihood of getting infected.”
Specifically, people are wise to wash their hands often with soap and warm water for 15 to 20 seconds at a time or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if water isn’t accessible. The CDC also recommends avoiding touching your eyes, nose and mouth to prevent the spread of germs.
Symptoms of swine flu are similar to those of regular seasonal influenza. People with swine flu often get a fever, headache, cough, sore throat, body aches, chills and fatigue. Some also have gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea or vomiting.
Swine flu is a virus that usually affects pigs but appears to have acquired the ability to pass from person to person, though it’s unclear how easily it can be transmitted this way.
If you become sick, stay home for the period of infection, which is typically seven days, although children may be contagious for longer. Once on the mend, don’t return to work or school until at least a day after symptoms have disappeared, Besser said.
“Wearing a face mask when out in public isn’t warranted in most cases,” he said. “I know some people feel more comfortable having a mask, and there are certain circumstances where that may be of value, but I would rather people really focus on hand-washing, as well as covering coughs and sneezes.”
Other social practices may need to be adjusted, such as the salutary kiss that’s customary in some regions.
“If you’re in an affected area or you have the swine flu, it’s probably best not to give a kiss,” Besser said. “But we’re not recommending the end of affection during the period.”
第22题：To protect yourself from swine flu, it is a good idea to __________.
A) have baths frequently B) cover your coughs and sneezes
C) stay home from work or school if you feel tired D) eat an apple every day
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Home schooling has long been a refuge for parents unhappy with public schools. Now, a growing number of athletes, musicians and actors are abandoning traditional classrooms so that they can focus on their talent.
For these students, home schooling provides the flexibility to weave academics around training, practices or Hollywood auditions. Students are free of the structure of traditional school and can do their schoolwork where and when they choose. And though roles vary greatly among home-schooling methods, students are under no requirement to log the same number of hours they would have spent in a classroom.
"You need to devote a lot of time if you're going to shine in those creative fields," said Ian Slatter, spokesman for the Home School Legal Defense Association in Virginia. "It's very difficult within the constraints of private or public school."
But some experts worry that a solid education can suffer if a student is too focused on honing (磨砺) an athletic or artistic gift.
Home schooling, once common, largely died with the rise of the public school system. In the 1960s, some parents who were against a perceived one-size-fits-all approach in public schools began home schooling their children. The following decade, many other parents wanting to inject religion into their children's education began to do so at home.
By 1980, about 20000 families had pulled children from traditional schools, according to the Home School Legal Defense Association.
Since then, home schooling has seen exponential (指数的，急剧的) growth. Laws have eased, society more easily accepts home schooling, and an industry has emerged that offers online support and teaching materials to parents.
Experts agree that most families who home school do so for religious reasons or out of disdain (厌恶) for public schools, for reasons ranging from safety to poor academics. But county and state education officials, home-school advocates, entertainment industry regulators and sports coaches say they're seeing a small but growing number of children who are home-schooled to allow them to focus on honing an athletic talent or artistic passion.
"It is becoming more and more common," said Barbara Colton, who works on home-schooling issues for the California Department of Education. "More and more parents are willing to support their kids in intensive preparation in arts or sports ... so what they're doing is trying to find an educational program that accommodates that."
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE？
A．Home schooling offers flexible courses for training students talented in art and sports.
B．Some experts worry that much emphasis on home schooling can weaken students' general education.
C．Free from the constraints of public schools, students can have more time developing talents.
D．Students prefer traditional education to home schooling in order to develop their talents.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文： In a recent study of six- and seven-year-olds in the Philadelphia area, Penn State psychologist Cindy Dell Clark found that most parents underestimate just how terrifying Halloween can be for young kids.
Two thousand years ago, Celts living in what is now the United Kingdom celebrated their new year at the end of October. During these days of transition from the end of summer harvest to the beginning of winter, spirits were thought to roam among the living.
The modern customs of candy and costume are rooted in medieval England. To avoid being recognized by the visiting spirits, people would dress up in masks whenever they left home. Bowls of food were placed outside to keep the ghosts happy. The practices have morphed into Halloween as it is known today, with parents encouraging their own little ghosts and goblins to haunt the neighborhood.
There have been few studies to examine how the holiday affects children. Child psychologists generally caution parents that the fright of some aspects of Halloween can be too much for the very young, and advise adults to keep a dose eye on children and remind them of what is real and what is not.
For most kids, at an age when they're often not included in family funerals or witness to grave illnesses, Oct. 31 is often their first introduction to the subjects.
Halloween also provides an opportunity for adults to confront usually uncomfortable topics like death. Kids as young as six and seven, however, don't differentiate between real death and the store- bought skeleton figures hanging in the trees and fake tombstones on the grass.
(27)
A．The United State.
B．The United Kingdom.
C．Rome.
D．Greece.
Another important change has been that most people no longer expect to spend most of their working lives with the same company or organization. As a result, people set themselves objectives which they work towards, and they use the various jobs they do and the different companies they work for as steps towards these objectives. For individual workers I think this has helped them become more independent and given them more control over their lives.
In most companies the management team has become less hierarchical. This is often called downsizing or delayering. In other words, there are fewer managers and fewer levels of management. As a result, there are not so many opportunities for promotion and people often feel frustrated because they find themselves at the same level for many years without the chance to rise in the company.
Competition from new products and from different parts of the world means that nowadays companies have to adapt very fast to changing markets and this requires them to be very flexible. Increasingly this means they don't employ workers directly, but employ other small specialist companies or individuals to do the job when they need them. This means they don’t have the expense of employing workers when they don't need them. I believe that for workers who are subcontracted there are various gains: they're often better paid for the work they do, they work in smaller, more humane organizations and they're able to organize their working lives in ways which suit them, instead of having to fit into the routines of a large company.
Of course, the biggest areas of change have come with the technological revolution. Workers now have the chance to go job hunting on the Internet, so they have more opportunities to find better or more suitable jobs. Statistics show that generally people work much harder than in the past with much longer hours. New technologies are largely responsible for this, especially mobile phones and beepers or pagers. These things force employees to stay in contact with their offices even in their free time and at weekends. I think this is a pity as people need to be able to relax and have time for themselves.
Another effect of technological change is that jobs evolve very rapidly, and workers have to be continually going on training courses in order to remain employable. As a university teacher, I can hardly complain about this, but it can place an enormous strain on workers if they're obliged to retrain for jobs well into their late 50s when they're getting close to retirement, so I'm not sure if it's a good thing or a bad thing.
Questions:
16.What is one of the most significant changes at work？
17.According to the speaker, what is the benefit of setting objectives at work？
18.Why do employees sometimes feel frustrated according to the speaker？
19.Which one is NOT the advantage of subcontracted employees？
20.According to the speaker, which of the following is NOT true？
(36)
A．A vast number of laborers migrating to industrialized countries.
B．More job-hopping in the labor market than ever before.
C．A shift from manufacturing to tertiary industry.
D．Jobs in service industries more interesting and better paid.
My work of helping companies develop more effective sales organizations always involves making changes in the company. And sooner or later, that means that some of the employees must make significant changes in the ways that they think about and do their jobs. This is particularly true of the sales people, who must decide to change their behavior and to implement the best practices that I teach. Beyond that, ultimately, helping people change is the work of every executive, manager, consultant and trainer.
Which brings us to the heart of this article？ What is it that empowers some people to change smoothly and effortlessly, while getting others to modify their behavior. seems like moving a mountain？ What is the fundamental building block for individuals that, more than anything else, equips them to successfully implement change？ It is something that is becoming increasingly rare — a motivating sense of personal responsibility. That is, a deep belief that one is responsible for one's own behavior. as well as the consequences of that behavior. It's far more popular to be a victim. We have all shaken our heads sadly over some newspaper account of someone who commits some act of irresponsibility, and then successfully sues someone else. In our litigious world, being a victim often pays. That is an unfortunate consequence of an unhealthy belief.
As long as we view ourselves as victims, we're unable to change ourselves or our circumstances and achieve better results. It is not our fault that we're not doing better, we tell ourselves. Someone else caused it. And because it's someone else's doing, the power to fix it and make it better is with someone else. We're powerless to fix it. While few people admit it, or even realize it consciously, this "victim attitude", the direct opposite of personal responsibility, is very common, and embraced to some degree by most of us.
My wife is a crises counselor. One of the biggest eye openers for her occurred when she realized that she was counseling the same people over and over again. You'd think, as she did, that a crisis would be an isolated event. Not so. Many of her clients find themselves lurching from one crisis to another. Why？ Because they don't make the changes in their behavior. and character that got them into the crises in the first place. At some deep level, they see themselves as victims, not personally responsible for their own character, their own behavior, and the consequences that behavior. brings. Where there is no sense of personal responsibility, there is little hope for positive change.
？You will hear a business presentation about accepting responsibility for sales success.
？As you listen, for questions 1—12, complete the notes, using up to three words or a number.
？You will hear the recording twice.
ACCEPTING RESPONSIBILITY FOR YOUR SALES SUCCESS
NOTES
Business Presentation
1. One important implication of the situation is that employees need continually adapt their behavior. to ______
My Work
2. to help companies develop more ______
3. to encourage employees to make ______
4. to teach sales people to change their behavior and to implement
Problem:
5. Getting others t
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