Laboratory animal microbiology and parasitology：实验动物微生物与寄生虫学

Some animal rights organizations advocate the use of extreme means in order to______.

A．wipe out cruel people

B．stop using animals in the laboratory

C．attack hunters in the wild

D．catch full public attention

One may assume from this article that pigs ______.

A．have remained unchanged for centuries

B．are naturally vicious animals

C．make a significant contribution to modem life

D．are better than any other animal for laboratory

e released from a laboratory. Within one week, 88 percent of the white pigeons and 80.5 percent of the gray pigeons had returned to the laboratory. What percent of the total number of pigeons returned to the laboratory？

A．80.5

B．82

C．82.5

D．85

E．86.5

One may assume from this article that

A．pigs have remained unchanged for centuries

B．pigs are naturally vicious animals

C．pigs make a significant contribution to modem life

D．pigs are better than any other animal for laboratory

In 1934, the scientist William Beebe dived 3,000 feet below the surface in a hollow steel ball. In 1935, Auguste Piccard dived 10,330 feet. In 1960, his son Jean dived to a depth of 35,800 feet.

All these early dives were deep. (47). They had to come back up to the surface after a few seconds. Scientists needed to stay down longer to study life below the surface. Gradually, they succeeded. Cousteau, a Frenchman, was able to keep men down to a depth of 36 feet for one month and to a depth of 90 feet for a week.

(48). With this new equipment, men can stay below the surface for days or even weeks. In 1962, Cousteau set up a research station 35 feet below the surface. Then in 1964, he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea.(49).

Many countries are now studying undersea living.(50). The United States has a laboratory 50 feet down on the ocean floor off the Virgin Islands. In 1970, five men lived there for two weeks. Then a team of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory. Next came other teams of men. All were there to explore the ocean depths and to make plans for the use of its resources.

(46)

A. This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface.

B. But the divers could not stay down for very long.

C. Scientists hope to find enough mineral, vegetable, and animal wealth there.

D. Now they are exploring below the surface, too.

E. The Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea.

F. Now scientists are developing even better equipment.

(47)

A. This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface. B. But the divers could not stay down for very long. C. Scientists hope to find enough mineral, vegetable, and animal wealth there. D. Now they are exploring below the surface, too. E. The Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. F. Now scientists are developing even better equipment.

(48)

A. This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface. B. But the divers could not stay down for very long. C. Scientists hope to find enough mineral, vegetable, and animal wealth there. D. Now they are exploring below the surface, too. E. The Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. F. Now scientists are developing even better equipment.

(49)

A. This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface. B. But the divers could not stay down for very long. C. Scientists hope to find enough mineral, vegetable, and animal wealth there. D. Now they are exploring below the surface, too. E. The Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. F. Now scientists are developing even better equipment.

(50)

A. This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface. B. But the divers could not stay down for very long. C. Scientists hope to find enough mineral, vegetable, and animal wealth there. D. Now they are exploring below the surface, too. E. The Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. F. Now scientists are developing even better equipment.

me animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing. （）

Animals, like the otter who uses a stone to crack mussel shells, are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools． One researcher has found that mother chimpanzees occasionally show their young how to use tools to open hard nuts． In one study, chimpanzees compared two pairs of food wells containing chocolate chips． One pair might contain, say, five chips and three chips, the other our chips and three chips． Allowed to choose which pair they wanted,the chimpanzees almost always chose the one with the higher total, showing some sort of summing ability． Other chimpanzees have learned to use numerals to label quantities of items and do simple sums． What does the passage mainly discuss A．The role of instinct in animal behavior

B．Observations that suggest consciousness in an anima behavior

C．The use of food in studies of animal behavior

D．Differences between the behavior． of animals in their natural environments and in laboratory experiments．

The Value of Animal Research

To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, "all

that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that

good people do nothing." One such cause now seeks to end

biomedical research because the theory that animals have rights 【M1】__________

ruling out their usage in research. Leaders of the animal rights 【M2】__________

movement targets biomedical research because it depends on 【M3】__________

public funding, and a few people understand the process of health 【M4】 __________

care research.

Scientists must communicate their message to public in a 【M5】__________

compassionate, understandable way—on human terms, not in the 【M6】__________

language of molecular biology. We need to make it clear the 【M7】__________

connection between animal research and a grandmother's

hip replacement, a father's bypass operation, a baby's

vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. Scientists could "adopt"

middle school classes and present their own research. They

should be quick to respond to letters of the editor, lest animal 【M8】__________

rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive

appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to

tours, to show that laboratory animals receive human care. Finally, 【M9】__________

because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health

research community should actively recruit to its cause not

only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who

has made courageous statements about the value of animal

research, and all who receive medical treatment. If good people do 【M10】__________

nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will

extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.

【M1】

. They want to know about the ocean water and the【33】and animal life【34】in the ocean.

In 1934 the scientist William Beebe dived 3 , 000 feet below the surface in a hollow steel ball. In 1935 Auguste Piccard dived 10, 330 feet. In 1960 his son Jean dived to a【35】of 35, 800 feet.

All these early dives were deep. But the divers could not stay down for very long. They had to【36】the surface after a few seconds. Scientists needed to stay down longer to study life below the surface.【37】, they succeeded. Cousteau, a Frenchman, was able to【38】down to a depth of【36】feet for one month and to a depth of 90 feet for a week.

Now scientists are developing even【39】equipment. With this new equipment, men can stay【40】the surface for days or【41】weeks. In 1962 Consteau【42】a research station 35 feet below the surface. Then in 1964 he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea. This was the first undersea station to operate【43】help from the surface.

Many countries are now studying undersea【44】. The Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. The United States has a laboratory 50 feet【45】on the ocean floor【46】the Virgin Islands. In 1970 five men lived there for two weeks. Then a【47】of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory.【48】came other teams of men. All were there to explore the ocean depths and【49】plans for the use of its resources. Scientists hope to find enough【50】, vegetable, and animal wealth there to provide food for the whole world.

(31)

A．in

B．to

C．on

D．under