to the manner born

Everybody dances. If you have (1)_____ swerved to avoid stepping on a crack in the sidewalk, you have danced. If you have ever kneeled to pray, you have danced. For these actions have figured importantly (2)_____ the history of dance. Dance goes (3)_____ to the beginnings of civilization—(4)_____ the tribe—where natives danced to get (5)_____ they wanted. Primitive dance was (6)_____ all practical, not the social dancing we know today. Natives approached dance with (7)_____ seriousness as a way to help the tribe in the crucial process (8)_____ survival. Dance was believed to be the (9)_____ direct way to repel locusts, to (10)_____ rain to fall, to insure that a male heir would be born, and (11)_____ guarantee victory in a forthcoming battle.

Primitive (12)_____ was generally done by many people moving in the same manner and direction. (13)_____ all dances had leaders, solo dances (14)_____ rare. Much use was made of (15)_____ part of the body. And so (16)_____ were these tribal dances that, if a native (17)_____ miss a single step, he would be put to death (18)_____ the spot. Fortunately, the same rigid (19)_____ that governed the lives of these people do not apply in the (20)_____ relaxed settings of today's discotheques.

A．ever

B．never

C．before

D．after

I have surrendered my free will to the years of accumulated habits and the past deeds of my life have already marked out a path which threatens to imprison my future. My actions are ruled by appetite, passion, prejudice, greed, love, fear, environment, habit, and the worst of these tyrants is habit. Therefore, if I must be a slave to habit let me be a slave to good habits. My bad habits must be destroyed and new furrows prepared for good seed.

I will form. good habits and become their slave.

And how will I accomplish this difficult feat？ Through these scrolls, it will be done, for each scroll contains a principle which will drive a bad habit from my life and replace it with one which will bring me closer to success. For it is another of nature's laws that only a habit can subdue another habit. So, in order for these written words to perform. their chosen task, I must discipline myself with the first of my new habits which is as follows:

I will read each scroll for thirty days in this prescribed manner, before I proceed to the next scroll.

First, I will read the words in silence when I arise. Then, I will read the words in silence after I have partaken of my midday meal. Last, I will read the words again just before I retire at day's end, and most important, on this occasion I will read the words aloud.

On the next day I will repeat this procedure, and I will continue in like manner for thirty days. Then, I will mm to the next scroll and repeat this procedure for another thirty days. I will continue in this manner until I have lived with each scroll for thirty days and my reading has become habit.

And what will be accomplished with this habit？ Herein lies the hidden secret of all man's accomplishments. As I repeat the words daily they will soon become a part of my active mind, but more important, they will also seep into my other mind, that mysterious source which never sleeps, which creates my dreams, and often makes me act in ways I do not comprehend.

As the words of these scrolls are consumed by my mysterious mind I will begin to awake, each morning, with a vitality I have never known before. My vigor will increase, my enthusiasm will rise, my desire to meet the world will overcome every fear I once knew at sunrise, and I will be happier than I ever believed it possible to be in this world of strife and sorrow.

Eventually I will find myself reacting to all situations which confront me as I was commanded in the scrolls to react, and soon these actions and reactions will become easy to perform, for any act with practice becomes easy.

Thus a new and good habit is born, for when an act becomes easy through constant repetition it becomes a pleasure to perform. and if it is a pleasure to perform. it is man's nature to perform. it often. When I perform. it often it becomes a habit and I become its slave and since it is a good habit this is my will.

Today I begin a new life.

In this passage, the author mainly wanted to illustrate how ______.

A．he was enslaved by the impulsive action

B．the good habits had been accumulated in the past years

C．to formulate good habits in the future

D．to distinguish good habits from bad habits

the United States, he took particular delight in the fact that he went by bus from work to accept the decoration from Queen Elizabeth (who was staying in Blair House in Washington), and was in and out quick enough, drinking up a gin and tonic without a stop, to use the transfer ticket to go out to dinner.

He was a print hack all his life, spending freely on fun and friends, but never bothering to make his name known or his wallet fatter, with books or broadcasting. The possessor of free intelligence, he was not on a soap-box, or concentrated on influencing the great and good, though he got their attention just the same. His job, he once said, "was to assist the reading public to understand what was going on". He conveyed his liberal view of the world with great clarity but "if you can't give [people] useful information, you can shut up". He finally did shut up, just before Christmas.

Midgley, born in the working-class north of England in 1911, was in military intelligence during the Second World War, trying to work out Germany's intentions. He then turned to journalism, dodging for a time between The Economist, the (then) Manchester Guardian and the Times. as leader writer and foreign correspondent. In 1956 he landed on The Economist and, luckily for us, stayed there, until and beyond his retirement, contributing a book review days before he died.

He was foreign editor for seven years, pulling foreign coverage together in (his own words) "a reasonably satisfactory manner". He was a brilliant, scary teacher to a classroom of aspiring hacks, not lazily rewriting their pathetic stories but throwing them back to be redone, with advice that bums to this day. He also less brilliantly, sent Kim Philby, whom he had known at Cambridge, to string for the paper from Beirut. until the spy's mask fell off and he fled to the Soviet Union.

In 1963, after a bit of an upheaval at The Economist, he went off to be Washington correspondent and, from then on, everything fell into place. He excelled at his job, lucidly explaining American affairs even to Americans themselves as well as to the rest of the world. He married Elizabeth. a producer at CBS, and they looked after each other with love and wit. Their house in north-west Washington was a warm and lovely meeting-place. His was a good life, the second half especially.

John Midgley was NOT fond of______.

A．making funs

B．making friends

C．making himself famous

D．truth editing

rold, the romantic traveller; with Manfred, the outcast from society; with Don Juan, the cynical, heartless lover. Although Byron did use his own life as the material for much of his poetry, it is by no means purely autobiographical. It is, however, in his long poems that Byron's genius most truly resides rather than in the lyrics which usually represent him in selections.

Byron was born into an aristocratic family of doubtful reputation. His father died of drink and debauchery when Byron was 3, and when he was 10 his great uncle-Lord Byron-also died. Byron inherited the title, a vast house called New stead Abbey, and estates already mortgaged or in decay.

Byron's father, by his first marriage, had a daughter, Augusta, Byron's half-sister. His father's second wife, Byron's own mother, was a proud Calvinistic Scotswoman named Catherine Gordon of Gight. He was born with a malformed foot-a disability which tortured him with self-consciousness in his youth. He went to Harrow and to Trinity College, Cambridge, where, amongst other eccentricities, he kept a bear. While an undergraduate he published his first book of poems, Hours of Idleness. The adverse criticism it deservedly got stung Byron not to despair but to revenge, and he replied with a satire in the manner of Pope called English Bards and Scotch Reviewers. After Cambridge, Byron went on the grand tour of Europe, traditional for men of his education; but owing to the Napoleonic Wars, his route took him, not overland, as was usual by way of Paris to Rome, but by sea to Lisbon, Spain, and the Mediterranean. For nearly 2 years he wandered about Greece and the Aegean Islands. This was the shaping time of his imagination.

When he was 23, his mother died, and he came home, an extremely handsome young man, to install himself boisterously at New stead Abbey. He entered London society and spoke in the House of Lords.. It was now that he showed his friend, R. C. Dallas, a new satire, Hints from Horace. Dallas, secretly not much impressed, asked if he had anything else; Byron quite casually said that he had a lot of Spenserian stanzas. Dallas read them with astonishment and delight, showed them to Murray the publisher, and on 20 February 1812, the first two cantos of Childe Harold were: published. They took the town by storm. Byron became famous overnight. He could not now write fast enough, and in the next 4 years appeared a series of romantic poems, the best among them being The Corsair and The Bride of Abydos. It is said that 14,000 copies of The Corsiar were sold in a day.

Byron had always been susceptible to women and attractive to them; now that he was successful, they threw themselves at his head. For 3 years he lived in the limelight, and then, quite unaccountably, married Ann Milbanke, a frigid, correct, intellectual woman, entirely unsuited to him but with a lot of money. She bore him a daughter and left him within a year, hinting that he had an immoral relationship with his half-sister Augusta. Society turned against him, as lavish now with calumny and spite as it had been with praise and flattery. Byron would not stay to be insulted; he left England for good.

The next few years were spent mostly in Venice, where Byron established himself with a menagerie of strange animals and conducted various love affairs. It was in Italy that his masterpiece Don Juan was written. This brilliant, caustic, rambling satire is written in a colloquial style. which is the result of a mastery of technique. Byron, always a fluent writer, was not over-critical of his own work; but Beppo, A Vision of Judgment, and Don Juan more than justify his reputation as a great poet. His influence on European literature--both by what he wrote and by the general idea of the romantic figure of Childe Harold--the typical Byronic hero-was very great.

Like

A．Byron's poetry is autobiographical in nature.

B．Byron was born in a wealthy aristocratic family without good reputation.

C．Byron, a romantic poem, had interest in politics.

D．It took years for Byron to became well known.

g out, characteristics they desired. For example, cows that produced large amounts of milk were selected for breeding, while poor milk producers were not allowed to reproduce. In like manner, horses were bred for speed and strength. Those having these desired characteristics were selected for breeding. Over time, these preferred breeds became more common than earlier, less desired types. This selective breeding is called artificial selection.

In this passage, Camp and Arms explain how this same process occurs naturally. The theory of evolution by natural selection was put forward in a joint presentation of the views of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace before the Linnaean Society of London in 1858. Darwin and Wallace were not the first to suggest that evolution occurred; but their names are linked with the idea of evolution because they proposed the theory of natural se- lection as the mechanism by which evolution occurs. We are always more likely to believe in a process when people explain how it happens than if they merely assert that it does.

The theory of evolution by means of natural selection is based on three observations. First, as we can see by comparing one cat or human being with another, the members of a species differ from one another; that is, there is variation among individuals of the same species. Second, some (though not all) of the differences between individuals are inherited. (Other differences are not inherited, but are caused by different environments. For in- stance, two plants with identical genes may grow to different sizes if one of them is planted in poor soil. ) Third, more organisms are born than live to grow up and reproduced many organisms die as embryos or seeds, as saplings, nestlings, or larvae.

Inherited characteristics that improve an organism's chances of living and reproducing will be more common in the next generation and those that decrease its chances of reproducing will be less common. Various genes or combinations of genes will be naturally selected for or against, from one generation to the next, depending on how they affect reproductive potential. For natural selection to cause a change in a population from one generation to the next (that is, to cause evolution), it is not necessary that all genes affect survival and reproduction; the same result occurs if just some genes make an individual more likely to grow up and reproduce.

The main difference between natural and artificial selection is that human beings______.

A．control the direction of artificial selection

B．control the direction of natural selection

C．make new genes in artificial selection

D．make new genes in natural selection

A.礼仪

B.经理

C.管理

______ absurd was his manner that everyone stared at him.

A．Such

B．Too

C．So

D．Much

quality

A. attitude

B. behavior

C. manner

His manner was so pleasant that Bolla felt at ______ with him at once.

A．peace

B．large

C．ease

D．best