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提问人:网友jxh2003zfr 发布时间:2022-01-07
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Information technologists have dreamt for decades of making an electronic display that is

as good as paper: cheap enough to be pasted on to wails and billboards, clear enough to be read in broad daylight, and thin and flexible enough to be bound as hundreds of flippable leaves to make a book. Over the past few years they have got close. In particular, they have worked out how to produce the display itself, by sandwiching tiny spheres that change colour in response to an electric charge inside thin sheets of flexible, transparent plastic. What they have not yet found is a way to mass-produce flexible electronic circuitry with which to create that charge. But a paper just published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that this, too, may be done soon.

The process described by John Rogers and his colleagues from Bell Laboratories, an arm of Lucent Technologies, in New Jersey, and E Ink Corporation, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, starts with E Ink's established half-way house towards true electronic paper. This is based on spheres containing black, liquid dye and particles of white, solid pigment. The pigment particles are negatively charged, so they can be pushed and pulled around by electrodes located above and below the sheet.

The electrodes, in turn, are controlled by transistors under the sheet. Each transistor manipulates a single picture element (pixel), making it black or white. The pattern of pixels, in turn, makes up the picture or text on the page. The problem lies in making the transistors and connections. Established ways of doing this, such as photolithography, use silicon as the semiconductor in the transistors. That is all right for applications suck as pesters. It is too fragile and too expensive, though, for genuine electronic paper—which is why cheap and flexible electronic components are needed.

For flexibility, Dr. Rogers and his colleagues chose pentacene as their semiconductor, and gold as their wiring. Pentacene is a polymer whose semiconducting properties were discovered only recently. Gold is the most malleable metal known, and one of the best electrical conductors. Although it is pricey, so little is needed that the cost per article is tiny.

To make their electronic paper the researchers started with a thin sheet of Mylar, a tough plastic, that was coated with indium-tin oxide (ITO), a transparent electrical conductor. To carve this conductor into a suitable electric circuit, they used an innovation called microcontact printing lithography. This trick involves printing the pattern of the circuit on to the ITO using a rubber stamp. The "ink" in the process is a solvent-resistant chemical that protects this part of the ITO while allowing the rest to be dissolved.

From the first paragraph of the passage, we can learn that an electronic display ______.

A.can be made as good as paper

B.is cheap enough to be pasted on to walls and billboards

C.will be as thin and flexible as paper

D.is difficult to be created in the form. of flexible electronic circuitry

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第1题
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A.It uses modern science and technology.

B.It may be difficult to seek the evidence.

C.It contains a huge variety of activities.

D.The law enforcement is weak in fighting against it.

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第2题
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C.Opening outlet.

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第3题
One aspect of “the universality of toys” lies in the fact that ________.A) technolo

One aspect of “the universality of toys” lies in the fact that ________.

A) technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys

B) the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universities

C) the exploration of the universe had led to the creation of new kinds of toys

D) the basic characteristics of toys are the same the world over

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第4题
U.S. Expands Investigation into Piracy of Software In a scene repeated at some of the nati

U.S. Expands Investigation into Piracy of Software

In a scene repeated at some of the nation's most prestigious universities over the last week, students and employees have found themselves face-to-face with federal law enforcement agents offering them a choice: Talk to us about thrill-seeking software piracy gangs or face a prison cell.

The Customs Service, which is conducting the questionings, said many of the students and university employees were cooperating with the inquiry, which is being described as the largest criminal investigation of software piracy ever by the federal government.

Investigators say the inquiry has expanded exponentially since it was announced late last week with raids at several universities, including Duke, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of California at Los Angeles, and on the offices of several software and computer companies around the country.

In the days since, many of the people under investigation, which includes executives at software companies, have quietly begun cooperating. Their information led to raids on at least one other university, the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York.

Law-enforcement officials said more raids were imminent as they tried to shut down a multi-billion- dollar international piracy ring that had stolen everything from the latest version of popular office software to digitized versions of new hit films and had shared the software around the world through Internet sites, such as the latest version of the Windows operating system, Windows XP, and such recent Hollywood fare as "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone," and "Behind Enemy Lines."

Investigators say some of the software appears to have been stolen by executives and other insiders at the companies where it was made, which explains the raids on corporate offices.

Customs officials said they believed that their efforts had shut down the piracy gang, known as the "DrinkOrDie" network, and that other, similar piracy gangs were being investigated. The Customs Service estimates that DrinkOrDie has more than 200 members around the world.

"We were able to totally dismantle DrinkOrDie," said Kevin Delli-Colli, the director of the Customs Service Cyber Smuggling Center in Fairfax, outside Washington. "Most of the leadership has been exposed by the investigation." A Web site that had been used by the network to share software, www. drinkordie, com, was shut down last week.

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The cooperation of the students and employers has offered information that led raids on ______

A.the Massachusetts Institute of Technolo

B.the University of California at Los Angeles

C.the Rochester Institute of Technology

D.the Duke University

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第5题
Victim Information:_______________________
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第6题
u__________ information 不良信息
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第7题
Information must be trusted by managers.
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第8题
Information Security Analysts
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