题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
How many slices of bacon equal the same number of calories as in a sausage roll？
A．5
B．6
C．7
D．8
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听力原文： Man's first real invention, and one of the most important inventions in history, was the wheel. All transportation and every machine in the world depend on it. The wheel is the simplest yet perhaps the most remarkable of all inventions. Because there are no wheels in nature, no living things was ever created with wheels. How, then, did man come to invent the wheel？
Perhaps some early hunters found that they could roll the body of a heavy animal through the forest on logs mole easily than they could carry it. However, the logs themselves weighed a lot. It must have taken a great prehistoric thinker to imagine two thin slices of log connected at their centers by a strong stick. This would roll along just as the logs did, yet be much lighter and easier to handle. Thus the wheel and axle came into being, and with them the first carts.
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A．It led to many other inventions.
B．Man had no use for it then.
C．There were no wheels in nature.
D．All of the above.
【T14】
A. BADLY
B. BE COINED AFTER
C. REFUSE TO
D. HORN 1782 TO 1792 A. HE TREATED HIS POOR TENANTS VERY【T13】______
B. WHO LIVED【T14】______
C. MEANS TO【T15】______ HAVE ANYTHING TO DO WITH SOMEBODY OR SOMETHING
D. A NEW WORD MAY【T16】______ THE INVENTOR OR SCIENTIST ABOUT THREE HUNDRED WORDS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COME FORM. THE NAMES OF PEOPL
E. MANY OF THESE WORDS ARE TECHNICAL WORDS. WHEN THERE IS A NEW INVENTION OR DISCOVERY,【T17】______ IT IS INTERESTING TO OBSERVE HOW MANY COMMON ENGLISH WORDS HAVE FOUND THEIR WAY INTO THE LANGUAGE FROM THE NAMES OF PEOPL
E. LORD SANDWICH【T18】______ USED TO SIT AT THE GAMBLING TABLE EATING SLICES OF BREAD IN THAT WAY, SO HIS FRIENDS BEGAN TO CALL THE BREAD "SANDWICH" FOR FU
N. LATER ON THE WORD BECAME PART OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAG
E. THE WORD "BOYCOTT"【T19】______ . IT COMES FROM A MAN CALLED CAPTAIN BOYCOTT. HE WAS A LAND AGENT IN 1880 AND HE COLLECTED RENTS AND TAXES FOR AN ENGLISH LANDOWNER IN IRELAN
D. BUT THE CAPTAIN WAS A VERY HARSH MA
N.【T20】______ HIS TENANTS DECIDED NOT TO SPEAK TO HIM AT ALL. EVENTUALLY WORD GOT BACK TO THE LANDOWNER AND THE CAPTAIN WAS REMOVE
D. THE WORD "BOYCOTT" BECAME POPULAR AND WAS USED BY EVERYONE TO MEAN THE KIND OF TREATMENT THAT WAS RECEIVED BY CAPTAIN BOYCOTT.
From there, the bags make their way in refrigerated trucks to thousands of McDonald's restaurants up and down the Eastern Seaboard. No more than 14 days after leaving the plant, the fruit will take the place of French fries in some child's Happy Meal. The apple slices, called Apple Dippers, are a symbol of how McDonald's is trying to offer healthier food to its customers？ And to answer the many critics who contend that most of its menu is of poor nutritional quality.
It remains to be seen whether these new offerings will assuage the concerns of public health officials and other critics of McDonald's highly processed fat and calorie—laden sandwiches, drinks and fries. So far, they have notat least not entirely. But this much is already clear: Just as its staple burgerandfries meals have made McDonald's the largest single buyer of beef and potatoes in the country, its new focus on fresh fruits and vegetables is making the company a major player in the $80 billion American produce industry.
The potential impact goes beyond dollars and cents. Some people believe that McDonald's could influence not only the volume, variety and prices of fruit and produce in the nation but also how they are grown.
According to the text, what will be found in some children's Happy Meal instead of French fries？
A．Apple pies.
B．Hamburger.
C．Apple dippers.
D．Apple flavor French.
When Columbus arrived in the West Indies, he found the Indians wearing cotton clothes. Pizarro, the Spanish conqueror of Peru, found that the Incas were growing cotton for use in the making of clothes. Magellan found the Brazilians swinging in cotton hammocks. And Cortes was so impressed by the beauty the cotton tapestries and rugs that the Aztecs made, that he sent some of them as presents to King Charles Ⅱ of Spain.
The Chinese were the first people to make silk clothing, and, for more than 2000 years, they were the only people in the world who knew how to make silk. The Chinese guarded the secret of their silk manufacture carefully. Their merchants grew rich in the silk trade with other Asian countries and Europe. Silk, in fact, was so expensive that it was known as the cloth of kings.
During the reign of Emperor Justinian of Constantinople, two Persian monks who lived in China brought silkworms to Europe. In the years that followed, western Europeans learned how to grow silkworms and use the silk from the cocoons. Silk is still one of the most useful textiles in clothing manufacture because of its extremely strong fibers. A thread of silk is two-third as strong as an iron wire of the same size and so smooth that dirt cannot cling to it easily.
Two hundred years ago, most of the people of the world had little or no clothing. Clothing was taken care of very carefully and handed down from parents to children. Many people never owned a new garment in their lives, and, except for the rich, no one had more than one outfit of clothes at a time.
Primitive man made slices long before he made permanent records on clay tablets or parchment scrolls. For many centuries, the shoemaker was interested only in covering the foot. Although he used fancy leathers and decorated shoes in many ways, he paid little attention to the fit of a shoe. In fact, it was only after 1850 that someone lit upon the idea of making differently-shaped shoes for the left and right foot.
Who introduced silkworms to Europe？
A．Two Justinian Monks.
B．Two courtiers of Constantinople.
C．Two Persian Monks.
D．Two Egyptian Priests.
The coolest clothing. The hippest shoes. The most fashion-forward backpacks. Even the trendiest lunchboxes. 【B1】______ Now, their 3-to 5-year-old siblings do, too.
But it isn't necessarily the kids demanding it. More often, it's the parents. 【B2】______ Often for a premium.
One Levi's vintage denim jacket for preschoolers sells for $120. A preschooler's backpack from Lands' End fetches $26.50 — or $31.50, 【B3】______ . In a back-to-school shopping season that's limping along in sales, who' d a thought that the nation's estimated 4.5 million preschoolers would represent a ray of retail light. " 【B4】______ ," says Kurt Barnard, president of Barnard's Retail Consulting Group.
Marketers targeting the morns and dads know that many upwardly mobile parents have been tired of flaunting the size of their homes, the hood ornaments on their ears and the titles on their business cards. They've discovered something—or, someone—tnew to show off, sitting right next to them at Chuck E. Cheese's.
"It's children as badge," says Paul Kurnit, president of KidShop, a consulting firm. "And that badge says: "Look at what my kid is wearing. Look at how cool I am. '"
【B5】______ . The $16.1 billion market for infant, toddler and preschool clothing is one of the fastest-growing slices of the apparel market, says Don Montuori, acquisitions editor of Packaged Facts, a research specialty firm. By 2007, the market should reach $18.1 billion, he says.
After spending so much time and money to get their kids into the right preschool, many parents have a need to make certain their preschoolers wear only the right stuff, says Kurnit.
A. retailers and manufacturers are happy to oblige
B. there's money to be made, for sure
C. back-to-preschool has become a very important season for retailers
D. it used to be preteens or teens who had to have this stuff
E. many preschoolers have their own favors
F. when your parents can't afford these oh-so-trendy stuff
G. if your child wants the one with an oh-so-trendy ballerina embroidered on it
H. many parents actually don't like back-to-school period
【B1】______
The apple slices, called Apple Dippers, are a symbol of how McDonald's is trying to offer healthier food to its customers 【91】and to answer the many critics who contend that most of its menu is poor nutritional quality. 【92】 McDonald's has also not introduced a variety of "premium" salads, which will soon be joined by a salad of grapes, walnuts-and, of course, apples.
【93】Yet it still remains to be seen these new offerings will assuage the concerns of public health officials and other critics of McDonald's highly processed fat-and calorie-laden sandwiches, drinks and fries. 【94】So far, however, they have not-at least not have entirely.But this much is already clear: just as its staple meals of burger and fries have made McDonald's the largest single buyer of beef and potatoes in the country, 【95】its new focus on fresh fruits and vegetables is making the company a minor player in $80 billion American produce industry.
(46)
It must have taken a great prehistoric thinker to imagine two thin slices of log connected, at their centers by a string stick, this would roll along just as the logs did, yet be much lighter and easier to handle, thus the wheel and axle came into being and with them the first cart.
The wheel is important because ______ .
A．it was man' s first real invention
B．all transportation depends on it
C．every machine depends on it
D．both B and C
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one’s entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
16. What is the main idea of the passage ？
A、The best schools teach a wide variety of subjects.
B、Education and schooling are quite different experiences.
C、Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.
D、The more years students go to school the better their education is.
17. What does the author probably mean by using the expression “Children interrupt their education to go to school”(Sent. 2, Para. 1) ？
A、Going to several different schools is educationally beneficial.
B、School vacations interrupt the continuity of the school year.
C、Summer school makes the school year too long.
D、All of life is an education.
18. The phrase “For example,” (Sent. 4, Para. 3), introduces a sentence that gives examples of ______.
A、similar textbooks
B、the results of schooling
C、 the workings of a government
D、the boundaries of classroom subject
19. The passage supports which of the following conclusions ？
A、Without formal education, people would remain ignorant.
B、Education systems need to be radically reformed.
C、Going to school is only part of how people become educated.
D、Education involves many years of professional training.
20. The passage is organized by _______.
A、listing and discussing several educational problems
B、contrasting the meanings of two related words
C、narrating a story about excellent teachers
D、giving examples of different kinds of schools
Artificial Intelligence
I'm sure that Hans Moravec is at least as sane as I am, but he certainly brought to mind the classic mad scientist as we sat in his fifth-floor office at Carnegie-Mellon University on a dark and stormy night. It was nearly midnight, and he mixed for each of us a bowl of chocolate milk and Cheerios, with slices of banana piled on top.
Then, with banana-slicing knife in hand, Moravec, the senior research scientist at Carnegie Mellon's Mobile Robot Laboratory, outlined for me how he could create a robotic immortality for Everyman, a deathless universe in which life would go on forever. By creating computer copies of our minds and transferring, or downloading, this program into robotic bodies, Moravec explained, humans could survive for centuries.
"You are in an operating room. A robot brain surgeon is in attendance ... Your skull but not your brain is anesthetized (麻醉). You are fully conscious. The surgeon opens your braincase and peers inside." This is how Moravec described the process in a paper he wrote called "Robots That Rove". The robotic surgeon's attention is directed at a small clump of about one hundred neurons somewhere near the surface. Using high-resolution 3-D nuclear-magnetic-resonance holography, phased-array radio encephalography, and ultrasonic radar, the surgeon determines the three-dimensional structure and chemical makeup of that neural clump. It writes a program that models the behavior. of the clump and starts it running on a small portion of the computer sitting next to you.
That computer sitting next to you in the operating room would in effect be your new brain. As each area of your brain was analyzed and simulated, the accuracy of the simulation would be tested as you pressed a button to shift between the area of the brain just copied and the simulation. When you couldn't tell the difference between the original and the copy, the surgeon would transfer the simulation of your brain into the new, computerized one and repeat the process on the next area of your biological brain.
"Though you have not lost consciousness or even your train of thought, your mind--some would say soul--has been removed from the brain and transferred to a machine," Moravec said, "In a final step your old body is disconnected. The computer is installed in a shiny new one, in the style, color, and material of your choice."
As we sat around Moravec's office I asked what would become of the original human body after the downloading. "You just don't bother waking it up again if the copying went successfully." he said. "It's so messy. Humans have got so many problems that you might just want to leave it retired. You don't take your Junker car out if you've got a new one."
Moravec's idea is the ultimate in life insurance. Once one copy of the brain's contents has been made, it will be easy to make multiple backup copies, and these could be stashed in hiding places around the world, allowing you to embark on any sort of adventure without having to worry about aging or death. As decades pass into centuries you could travel the globe and then the solar system and beyond--always keeping an eye out for the latest in robotic bodies into which you could transfer your computer mind.
If living forever weren't enough, you could live forever several times over by activating some of your backup copies and sending different versions of yourself out to see the world. "You could have parallel experiences and merge the memories later," Moravec explained.
In the weeks and months that followed my stay at Carnegie-Mellon, I was intrigued by how many researchers seemed to believe downloading would come to pass. The only point of disagreement was when--certainly a big consideration to those of us still knocking around in mortal bodies. Although some of the researchers I spoke with at Carnegie-Mellon,
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
A、How many apples
B、How much bread
C、How much breads
D、How many food
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