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提问人：网友beinuo0501 发布时间：2022-01-07
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Controlling the Growing TB Crisis in ChinaChina needs to take urgent action to address a "

Controlling the Growing TB Crisis in China

China needs to take urgent action to address a "vicious cycle" of poverty and tuberculosis (TB) affecting a considerable number of Chinese people, especially in underdeveloped areas, the World Health Organization said on Monday.

The Chinese government needs to take "immediate necessary action" to control the spread of TB, which is "threatening the future of its 1.3 billion people", WHO said in a report released at the start of a three-day meeting to discuss TB in the Western Pacific region.

Poor living conditions and health care in rural China mean the TB infection rate is nearly three times higher than in urban areas, the report said. There are some factors that make the rural TB burden heavier such as insufficient funds for local health programs and increased charges for medical care, it said.

"This has uniformly produced a negative impact on TB diagnosis and treatment, especially in areas without specific funding targeted towards TB-related services," it said. The report, which is meant to foreshadow the seriousness of the TB crisis in China, suggests that China adopt a two-year program to control the disease.

The government should fund free TB drugs and diagnosis, health promotion and training, and supervised treatment programs at all levels, it said. "TB control should be considered as a key development issue and poverty reduction strategy," WHO Western Pacific regional director Dr. Shigeru Omi said at the opening of the meeting in Beijing.

A World Bank-funded project in 13 of China's 31 provinces produced "astonishing" results, reducing the incidence of TB by 38 per cent in less than 10 years, WHO said. "This tremendous achievement tells us that the regional target of reducing the prevalence of TB by half in 10 years, though ambitious, is achievable," Omi said.

But TB "remains a relentless killer in the Western Pacific region", claiming around 1,000 lives daily in the region -- more than half of them in China, a WHO press statement said. "The worsening burden of TB has resulted in a great human tragedy and has had a profound impact on economic development in several countries in the region," the statement said.

At present in China the TB infection rate

A．in rural areas is three times as high as that in urban areas.

B．in rural areas is nearly four times as high as that in urban areas.

C．in urban areas is two times lower than that in rural areas.

D．in urban areas is four times lower than that in rural areas.

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更多“Controlling the Growing TB Crisis in ChinaChina needs to take urgent action to address a "”相关的问题
第1题
Few observers have a better view of that ocean of exchanging gossip called E-mail than Mar
k Sunner. The chief technology officer of E-mail management company MessageLabs, Sunner oversees a network that processes 4.5 million letters each day. Servers operated and maintained by MessageLabs manage mail delivery and routing for a number of companies, including Bank of England and Condé Nast Publications. In fact, all of MessageLabs’ customers are corporations whose daily E-mail output and inflow has soared with the growth of the Web. “E-mail usage has increased massively in the last couple of years,” he says. Indeed, MessageLabs estimates that it has gone from 10 a day per employee as recently as two years ago to more like 20 or 30 now.

The implications for Corporate America are equally huge. According to E-mail researcher and consultant David Ferris, companies can expect the volume of E-mail coursing through their servers to grow 60% to 80% in 2002. And as individual messages grow in size - they’re now more likely to contain memory - companies could end up paying 100% to 150% more just this year on systems to store and manage those messages. That’s why tech consultancy Radicati Group expects demand for soft ware that manages E-mail, such as Microsoft Outlook and Lotus Notes, to grow from $2.6 billion in sales today to $4.4 billion by 2005. Too much of this money will be spent in controlling pure junk. About 20% of the E-mail MessageLabs manages is unwanted, according to Sunner - who adds that about 1.25% of all the E-mail his company moves contains useless attachments. Already, the cost of handling spam（垃圾邮件）is estimated at $8.6 billion worldwide, according to a 2001 European Union study. And the barrage of pornographic spam has made some companies worried that employees might sue on grounds of disturbance arising from exposure to unwanted unpleasantness.

The first sentence of this passage “Few observers have a better view of that ocean of exchanging gossip called E-mail than Mark Sunner” most probably means ____.

A.Mark Sunner clearly know the E-mail is wasting resources

B.no one knows the fact that E-mail is gossip exchanging way but Mark Sunner

C.Mark Sunner does not know anything about the E-mail

D.the Mark Sunner always concentrated on the ocean of the junk E-mail

Which of the following is NOT true about MessageLabs？A.It is an E-mail management company.

B.All of MessageLabs’ customers are corporations.

C.Mark Sunner is the chief technology officer of MessageLabs.

D.The company puts the great emphasis on dealing with the junk E-mail.

The word “that” in the last sentence of the third paragraph most possibly means ____.A.it is expected that Microsoft Outlook and Lotus Notes grow from $2.6 billion in sales today to $4.4 billion by 2005

B.the junk E-mail has been overloaded in the Internet

C.the increase of individual messages needs more staff

D.the company has paid 100% to 150% for individual message storage

What is the best title for the passage？A.The E-mail Monster.

B.MessageLabs Business Introduction.

C.To Avoid E-mail Surge.

D.E-mail Destroys Everything.

The following statements about the E-mail have been mentioned EXCEPT ____.A.Sunner oversees a network that processes 4.5 million letters each day

B.according to David Ferris, companies can expect the volume of E-mail passing through their servers to grow not more than 50% in 2002

C.too much money has been spent in controlling the junk E-mail

D.some employees might take legal action in accordance with annoyance arising from exposure to some unpleasant resources

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第2题
All of the cells in a particular plant start out with thesame complement of genes. How the

All of the cells in a particular plant start out with the

same complement of genes. How then can these cells

differentiate and form. structures as different as roots,

stems, leaves, and fruits？ The answer is that only a

(5) small subset of the genes in a particular kind of cell are

expressed, or turned on, at a given time. This is accom-

plished by a complex system of chemical messengers

that in plants include hormones and other regulatory

molecules. Five major hormones have been identified:

(10) auxin, abscisic acid, cytokinin, ethylene, and gibberel-

lin. Studies of plants have now identified a new class of

regulatory molecules called oligosaccharins.

Unlike the oligosaccharins, the five well-known plant

hormones are pleiotropic rather than specific, that is,

(15) each has more than one effect on the growth and devel-

opment of plants. The five has so many simultaneous

effects that they are not very useful in artificially

controlling the growth of crops. Auxin, for instance,

stimulates the rate of cell elongation, causes shoots to

(20) grow up and roots to grow down, and inhibits the

growth of lateral shoots. Auxin also causes the plant to

develop a vascular system, to form. lateral roots, and to

produce ethylene.

The pleiotropy of the five well-studied plant

(25) hormones is somewhat analogous to that of certain

hormones in animal. For example, hormones from the

hypothalamus in the brain stimulate the anterior lobe

of the pituitary gland to synthesize and release many

different hormones, one of which stimulates the release

(30) of hormones from the adrenal cortex. These hormones

have specific effects on target organs all over the body.

One hormone stimulates the thyroid gland, for

example, another the ovarian follicle cells, and so forth.

In other words, there is a hierarchy of hormones.

(35) Such a hierarchy may also exist in plants. Oligosac-

charins are fragments of the cell wall released by

enzymes: different enzymes release different oligosac-

charins. There are indications that pleiotropic plant

hormones may actually function by activating the

(40) enzymes that release these other, more specific chemical

messengers from the cell wall.

According to the passage, the five well-known plant hormones are not useful in controlling the growth of crops because______

A．it is not known exactly what functions the hormones perform

B．each hormone has various effects on plants

C．none of the hormones can function without the others

D．each hormone has different effects on different kinds of plants

E．each hormone works on only a small subset of a cell’s genes at any particular time

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第3题
（课外选材)According to experts, the advantage of modified food is that it helps in pre

(课外选材)

According to experts, the advantage of modified food is that it helps in preventing the occurrence of allergies and also has a long shelf life. However, a major portion of the population is against the consumption of genetically modified food and is concerned about its disadvantages. If you are also confused about the consumption of genetically modified food, read through the pros and cons given below and decide for yourself.

ADVANTAGES OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS

●One of the most prominent advantages of genetically modified food is that it helps in controlling the occurrence of certain diseases. Certain foods cause allergy to people. Their genetic modification alters the DNA system of these foods, thereby making them non-allergic.

●Another major advantage of such type of foods is that they grow faster than their traditionally grown counterparts. As a result, there is greater productivity and more food.

●A person need not bother about any additional costs, such as buying chemicals and pesticides, when it comes to genetically engineered food. The food is naturally pest-resistant.

●Farming these foods can be a great way to fight world hunger. Since these crops grow faster or more effectively, increased production would help countries wherein crops may not normally prosper because of less than desirable environmental conditions.

●The increased shelf life of these food products helps in reducing the quantity of rotten food.

DISADVANTAGES OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS

●The biggest disadvantage of genetically modified food is that they have harmful effects on the human body. The consumption of these genetically engineered foods can lead to development of diseases that are immune to antibiotics.

●Chances of developing cancer are high in people who regularly consume engineered food.

●Since it is an unnatural way of producing foods, there is an increased health hazard such as allergens, transfer of antibiotic resistance markers and unknown effects.

●Since the production of engineered food involves infusing animal genes in the crops and tampering with nature, it might not be good for consumption in the long run.

1. How does genetically modified food control the occurrence of certain diseases？{A; B; C}

A. By cross-pollinating.

B. By conventional crossbreeding.

C. By altering the DNA system of these foods.

2. Do farmers need to buy any chemicals and pesticides if they plant genetically modified food？{A; B; C}

A. Yes, they need to. Because the food is not resist to pests.

B. No, they don’t need to. Because the food is naturally pest-resistant.

C. No, they don’t need to. Because the chemicals and pesticides are provided by the government.

3. Which statement is not the advantage of genetically modified food？{A; B; C}

A. It may have harmful effects on human body.

B. Genetically modified food grows faster than their traditionally grown counterparts.

C. Farming genetically modified food can help fight world hunger.

4. What would happen to a person if he regularly consume genetically modified food？{A; B; C}

A. He would get cold.

B. He would lose some weight.

C. He would have cancer.

5. Which title is the best for this passage？{A; B; C}

A. Can genetically modified foods combat world hunger？

B. Genetically modified mood: our answer is no

C. Genetically modified foods: pros and cons

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第4题
Part ADirections: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by cho

Part A

Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

As the costs of health care continue to rise, employers will ask their employees to pay more for their benefits by the year 2000. This forecast comes from a recent survey of 400 executives conducted by the group Insurance Division of Northwestern National Life Insurance Company(NWNL).

A similar NWNL survey in 1986 found that two thirds of the employers were planning to add benefits. Now, two thirds are planning to offer fewer choices. Factors cited as driving up the cost of health care include hospital and doctor fees, new medical technology, and malpractice suits. Employers also face the expensive prospect of providing health care for the growing number of retirees. Says the employee benefit director of a Boston communication company, "With people living longer, and being sicker when older, we could be paying a big sum of money for 30 to 40 years after they retire. "

Compulsory benefits are also likely to increase health care costs to employers. A majority of the respondents predict that the federal government will demand benefits for all employees. More than one fourth of the employers surveyed think it is very likely that the government will establish a national plan by the year 2000, and a similar number foresee regulation of doctor and hospital fees. However, a large majority doubt such measures are very likely to be effective in controlling health care costs.

Besides holding employees responsible for a larger share of their benefit costs, more employers will offer flexible benefit plans with limited employer contributions. Health education programs will grow in the workplace, as employers try to lessen the need for expensive medical care. Other employers intent on cutting costs will design their benefit plans to allow their employees fewer choices in when and how they get medical care.

Although the survey results reflect uncertainty about the future, they also offer reason for optimism, says U. S. Senator David Durenberger of Minnesota, "People are starting to come to grips with the question of how we can more effectively provide quality health care that is affordable and accessible, "he asserts, "We no longer can write blank checks. "

A recent survey conducted by NWNL found that ______.

A．new medical technology helps to reduce the cost of health care

B．employees have to pay more for their benefits

C．employees will be offered more choices in the benefit plans

D．two thirds of the employers are thinking of adding benefits

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第5题
Scientists are studying the body’s _____ for controlling weight.
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第6题
The balance in the controlling accounts does not equal the sum of the balances in the subsidiary.（）
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第7题
A topic sentence is composed of two parts: the thesis statement and the controlling idea.（）
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第8题
The __________ and the ____________ are two essential parts of a good topic sentence.

A.topic; controlling idea

B.topic; opinion

C.point; controlling idea

D.point; opinion

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第9题
自主控制元件（autonomous controlling element)

自主控制元件(autonomous controlling element)

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第10题
Two basic methods for controlling dust on drills are , .
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第11题
The equity method with consolidation is used in accounting for long-term investments in equity securities with controlling influence.
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