题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
Among "humanity's current problems", the chief concern of the scientists is______.
A．the impoverishment of developing countries
B．the explosion of the human population
C．the reduction of biological diversity
D．the effect of global warming
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更多“Among "humanity's current problems", the chief concern of the scientists is______.A．the im”相关的问题
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
Among "humanity's current problems" (Line 6, Para. 3), the chief concern of the scientists is______.
A．the impoverishment of developing countries
B．the explosion of the human population
C．the reduction of biological diversity
D．the effect of global warming
In a certain way, this discovery is not surprising at all: in the world of animals, it's rare for one to prey on another of its own species. They do kill other kinds of animals, but not their own. Like most animals, the proportion of inner violence among early human beings was relatively small. Therefore, war is not the inherent outcome of humanity but that of certain social and cultural conditions.
Types of Anthropology
Physical Anthropology
*____________________
*____________________
*____________________
Cultural Anthropology
*____________________
*____________________
*____________________
Answer Choices
A. The focus is on the similarities and differences among cultures.
B. This field studies life on many different scales of size and time.
C. Researchers observe similarities between humans and other primates.
D. Scientists examine the fossils and skulls of early humans.
E. Researchers live and work in other societies and write ethnographies.
F. It is the study of the origins, history, and structure of the earth.
G. The story of humanity's origins is a major topic of investigation.
I restate that we are an organization without independent military capability, and we dispose of relatively modest resources in the economic realm. Yet our influence and impact on the world is far greater than many believe to be the case, and often more than we ourselves realize. This influence derives not from any exercise of power, but from the force of the values we represent. Among these values are the maintenance of the world order and the establishment of world harmony.
In recent decades Enlightenment thinking has been the target of critical endeavors once more. This time it is its individualism and cosmopolitanism that have come under persistent attack from various quarters, together with its attempt to find and formulate universally valid norms and values. Anti-Enlightenment initiatives have surfaced inside the United States as well as worldwide. They are often launched in the name of "multiculturalism," "ethnic identity," the supposed importance of "roots," and the general importance of "difference" as opposed to people’s common humanity. With respect to social integration, advocates of ethnic separateness prefer cultural and racial "salad bowls" to the traditional American "melting pot."
An issue is the Enlightenment idea that ideally every individual should not only have the right, but even the obligation to determine for himself or herself who he or she wants to be, what sort of life he or she wants to live, or with whom he or she wants to associate more closely. An individual, in other words, should not be obliged by any group to adhere to "his" or "her" religion, ethnicity, race, or social tradition, but be allowed and encouraged to make personal choices in all these regards-in effect be entirely free of any such particularistic determinations, if that seems best to the person in question. Essentially individuals are not seen by Enlightenment thinkers as members of particular groups, but as "citizens of the world," as unencumbered inhabitants of a polity that is governed by laws that in principle are valid for all human beings.
People will, of course, be born into specific communities that may be distinguished from each other by various racial or cultural traits. But these distinguishing traits are not particularly important, according to Enlightenment thinking--not nearly as important as that which all human beings have in common, namely reason. While Enlightenment theoreticians will acknowledge or even welcome variety among human beings, they are far more serious about what potentially unites them, and about what should accrue to them on account of their common humanity.
If in most societies-- often after long and costly battles-- laws have been passed which prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, creed, gender, or national origin, then an important Enlightenment principle has been realized—the principle that every individual is first a human being, and only secondarily a member of particular groups. And while recognition of one’s common humanity may not necessarily be in conflict with being a member of any particular group, the principle demands that if there is a conflict, then people’s common humanity takes precedence over any particularity. What is important, in other words, is not that I am Christian, Black, or Sioux, but that I am a human being, and that as such I have certain basic rights-- the right of self-determination most prominently among them. Any attempt on the part of any group to declare their particularity as primary vis - a- vis someone’s basic humanity is an outdated prejudice, and an infringement on a person’s basic rights, as far as Enlightenment thinking is concerned. Particularism and its divisiveness-- all too often the cause of contempt, hatred, fanaticism,
A．The difference between rationalism and materialism
B．the former represents disintegration and the latter represents integration
C．the former emphasizes differences and individual identity, the latter emphasizes common humanity
D．The former is for Enlightenment and the latter is opposed to Enlightenment
What are the beauties of Hawaii？ Let’s start with four.
The beach, famous for its water temperature, air temperature and waves, is the first beauty.There are hundreds of miles of beaches on the twenty islands of Hawaii.They are thought to be among the finest beaches in the world.
Then, what do you think would be the second beautiful thing？ It is volcanoes (火山), of course.These volcanoes are not just a part of the islands; they made the islands in the first place.Because of them the islands are still growing.
What would be the third thing of beauty that the first visitor to Hawaii would notice？ It probably wouldn’t be just one thing, but many things: all the wonderful fruits and flower s of the islands.Sugar cane, bananas and pineapples are Hawaii’s biggest exports.Sugar cane has been growing in Hawaii for a thousand years.As for pineapples, the islands produce more than any other places in the world, which has made Dole Company the b iggest fruit-packing company in the world.
The fourth and most beautiful thing about Hawaii is the people who live there.The Hawaiians never rush, and perhaps this is because they care more for human life than they care for the machine.There is an old H awaiian law that a man can go to sleep in the middle of the road if he wants to.What makes the people of Hawaii so beautiful is their feeling about people.There are 64 different combinations of races on the islands, and they all live in peace.They belie ve “Above all nations is humanity.” That is the most beautiful thing of all.
1.According to the passage, Hawaii is made up of().
A.one island
B.twenty islands
C.sixty-four islands
D.hundreds of islands
2.Why are the volcanoes so special to the islands？()
A.They are not a part of the islands
B.They actually made the islands
C.They are the first in the world
D.They are growing
3.What has made Dole Company the biggest fruit-packing company in the world？()
A.Sugar
B.Sugar cane
C.Bananas
D.Pineapples
4.The people in Hawaii are the most beautiful thing because().
A.they had a peaceful history
B.they can sleep in the middle of the road
C.there are 64 different races on the islands
D.they care more for people than anything else
5.According to the passage, “above all nations is humanity” might mean ().
A.not all nations have humanity
B.humanity is as important as a nation
C.humanity has no national boundaries
D.all human being s should live in peace
Scotland: A Land of Wisdom
In the 1740s, the famous French philosopher Voltaire said “We look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization. ”That's not a bad advertisement for any country when it comes to attracting people to search for a first-class education.
According to the American author Arthur Herman, the Scots invented the modern world itself. He argues that Scottish thinkers and intellectuals worked out many of the most important ideas on which modern life depends-everything from the scientific method to market economics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals, but to those people in business, government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world.
It all started during the period that historians call the Scottish Enlightenment(启蒙运动), which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800. Before that, philosophy was mainly concerned with religion. For the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment, the proper study of humanity was mankind itself.
Their reasoning was practical. For the philosopher David Hume, humanity was the right subject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior. and so find real evidence of how people think and feel. And from that we can make judgments about the societies we live in and make concrete suggestions about how they can be improved, for universal benefit.
Hume's enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific method-the pursuit of truth through experiment. His friend and fellow resident of Edinburgh, Adam Smith, famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business. Trade, he argued, was a form. of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading in markets, we all come to benefit each other.
Smith's idea has dominated modern views of economics. It also has wide applications. He was one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich, free and powerful through peace, trade and invention.
Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago, the ideas which evolved at that time still underpin(构成…的基础)our theories of human exchange and enquiry. It also exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellence with orientation(方向).
Scotland is the right place to receive a first-class education.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
It is not surprising that the women's liberation movement should begin among bourgeois women, and should be dominated in the beginning by their consciousness and their particular concerns. Radical women are generally the post war middle class generation that grew up with the right to vote, the chance at higher education and training for supportive roles in the professions and business. Most of them are young and sophisticated enough to have not yet had children and do not have to marry to support themselves. In comparison with most women, they are capable of a certain amount of control over their lives.
The higher development of bourgeois democratic society allows the women who benefit from education and relative equality to see the contradictions between its rhetoric (every child can become president) and their actual place in that society. The working class woman might believe that education could have made her financially independent but the educated career woman finds that money has not made her independent. In fact, because she has been allowed to progress halfway on the upward-mobility ladder she can see the rest of the distance that is denied her only because she is a woman. She can see the similarity between her oppression and that of other sections of the population. Thus, from their own experience, radical women in the movement are aware of more faults in the society than racism and imperialism. Because they have pushed the democratic myth to its limits, they know concretely how it limits them.
At the same time that radical women were learning about American society they were also becoming aware of the male chauvinism in the movement. In fact, that is usually the cause of their first conscious 100 verbalization of the prejudice they feel; it is more disillusioning to know that the same contradiction exists between the movement's rhetoric of equality and its reality, for we expect more of our comrades.
This realization of the deep-seated prejudice against themselves in the movement produces two common reactions among its women: 1) a preoccupation with this immediate barrier (and perhaps a resultant hopelessness), and 2) a tendency to retreat inward, to buy the fool's gold of creating a personally liberated life style.
However, our concept of liberation represents a consciousness that conditions have forced on us while most of our sisters are chained by other conditions, biological and economic, that overwhelm their humanity and desires for self-fulfillment. Our background accounts for our ignorance about the stark oppression of women's daily lives.
The basic difference between Middle Class women and other women in the liberation movement is that _____.
A．Middle Class women are not married and have no children.
B．Middle Class women are not afraid of their husbands.
C．other women have less control of their own lives.
D．other women grow up with no rights to vote.
根据以下材料，回答题。
Scotland:A Land of Wisdom
In the 1740s ，the famous French philosopher Voltaire said "We look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization. "That"s not a bad advertisement for any country when it comes to attracting people to search for a first-class education.
According to the American author Arthur Herman， the Scots invented the modern world itself. He argues that Scottish thinkers and intellectuals worked out many of the most important ideas on which modern life depends——everything from the. scientific method to market economics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals， but to those people in business， government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world.
It all started during the period that historians call the Scottish Enlightenment（启蒙运动），which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800. Before that， philosophy was mainly concerned with religion. For the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment， the proper study of humanity was mankind itself.
Their reasoning was practical. For the philosopher David Hume， humanity was the fight subject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior. and so find real evidence of how peopie think and feel. And from that we can make judgments about the societies we live in and make concrete suggestions about how they can be improved for universal benefit.
Hume"s enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific method——the pursuit of truth through experiment. His friend and fellow resident of Edinburgh， Adam Smith，famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business. Trade， he argued， was a form. of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading in markets， we all come to benefit each other.
Smith"s idea has dominated modern views of economics. It also has wide applications. He was one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich， free and powerful through peace， trade and invention.
Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago， the ideas which evolved at that time still underpin （构成....的基础） our theories of human exchange and enquiry. It also exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellence with orientation（方向）。
Scotland is the right place to receive a first-class education. 查看材料
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
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