题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
The world's birth rate has dropped because______.
A．people marry at a much later time
B．more birth control devices and methods have been used
C．women would rather go to study or work than have children
D．all the above reasons are true
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更多“The world's birth rate has dropped because______.A．people marry at a much later timeB．more”相关的问题
A．a natural phenomenon not subject to human activities
B．unaffected by cultural or economic factors in a country
C．related to annual variations in day length and temperature
D．associated with the relative stability of the world’s nations
听力原文： Not until some 200 years ago did the world population begin increasing at a rapid rate. In many parts of the world, people's health began to improve as a result of improved sanitation, the drainage of swamps, and, later, such developments in the field of medicine as the use of antibiotics. Increased trade brought better economic conditions in many countries. All these improvements made it possible for man to live longer. The standard of livings throughout the world began to rise as a result of advances in agriculture and in the processing of agricultural products. These included better farming methods, mechanization, fertilization, and refrigeration. Improved transportation helped to open new territories for settlement in the Western Hemisphere and in Australia. It also helped in distributing the great abundance of agricultural and industrial products that began to be available.
The combination of a high birth rate and a low death rate is creating a rapid population increase in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Experts fear that the population may soon grow faster than the food supply available in these continents, which are so dependent upon agriculture. Conditions of absolute over-population would result in many countries. In 1798 the English economist Thomas R. Malthus (1766-1834) said in his famous Essay on the Principle of Population that population increases at a faster rate than the food supply does. Therefore if such natural checks as war, starvation, and disease did not decrease the population, the world would outgrow its food supply. However, Malthus could not foresee that in many parts of the world, medical, scientific, and technological advances would wipe out these natural checks to population growth.
Solutions to the problem of overpopulation are not easy to find. In many cases a people's culture and way of life stand in the way of such matters as late marriages and birth control, which would help lower the birth rate. A change from an agricultural to an industrial economy would provide another answer. Many countries are planning such a change, but they lack the raw materials, capital, transportation facilities, technical skills, and markets for products. Migration from countries that are seriously overpopulated might help. In many cases, however, the countries to which migrants want to go have laws that prevent many of the migrants from entering.
Questions:
11. Which of the following factors for the improvement of people's health in many parts of the world is not mentioned in the talk？
12. What brings about better economic conditions in many countries？
13. What is the main reason for opening up new territories in the Western Hemisphere？
14. What is Malthus's population theory？
15. By whom are late marriages and birth control favored？
(31)
A．Better education.
B．Better sanitation.
C．Better medicine.
D．Both B and C.
听力原文： The world' s population continues to grow. There now are about 4 billion of us on earth. The number could roach 6 billion by the end of the century and 11 billion in another 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth. Where will we find the food, water, jobs, houses, schools and health care for all these people？ A major new study shows that the situation may be changing. A large and rapid drop in the World' s birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years. Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations. Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using, birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy. More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments, especially in developing nations, now support family planning programs to reduce population growth. China is one of the nations that has made great progress in reducing its population growth.
China has already cut its rate of population growth by about one half since 1970. Each Chinese family is now urged to have no more than one child. The hope is to reach a zero population growth with the total number of births equaling the total number of deaths, by the year 2000.
(33)
A．An economic policy of a country.
B．An economic policy of a family.
C．TV programs designed for a family.
D．A birth control policy of a country.
After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline. It continued falling until in 1966 it stood at the lowest level in 25 years. Partly this decline reflected the low level of births during the depression and the war, but it was also caused by changes in Canadian society. Young people were staying at school longer; more women were working; young married couples were buying automobiles or houses before starting families; rising living standards were cutting down the size of families. It appeared that Canada was once more failing into step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through the Western world since the time to the Industrial Revolution.
Although the growth in Canada's population had slowed down by 1966 (the increase in the first half of the 1960's was only nine percent), another large population wave was coming over the horizon. It would be compared to the children of the children who were born during the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957.
What does the passage mainly discuss？
A．Educational changes in Canadian society.
B．Canada during the Second World War.
C．Population trends in postwar Canada.
D．Standards of living in Canada.
After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline. It continued falling until in 1966 it stood at the lowest level in 25 years. Partly this decline reflected the low level of births during the depression and the war, but it was also caused by changes in Canadian society. Young people were staying at school longer; more women were working; young married couples were buying automobiles or houses before starting families; rising; living standards were cutting down the size of families. It appeared that Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through the Western world since the time of the Industrial Revolution.
Although the growth in Canada's population had slowed down by 1966 (the increase in the first half of the 1960's was only nine percent), another large population wave was coming over the horizon. It would be composed of the children who were born during the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957.
What is the main idea of the passage？
A．Educational changes in Canadian society.
B．Canada during the Second World War.
C．Standards of living in Canada.
D．Population trends in postwar Canada.
With the country's average rate of such defects in the past two decades at 1.3 per cent, the rate in Shanxi Province remains at 1.8 per cent, according to statistics. The rate in some mountain areas in the province has reached an alarming 4 to 6 per cent.
Experts believe the high rate of birth defects there is related to a lack of basic vitamins for women in the early stages of their pregnancies. An ample vitamin supply has been shown by scientists to be important to proper embryonic development, which can reduce the rate of some birth defects and improve the quality of births.
To improve the nutritional conditions for local people, the project plans to add vitamins into flour, a staple food in the area. The nutrients to be added will be provided by various international organizations. The project has gained support from the World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund, and International Life Science Institute.
It is expected that by next January that flour with the added nutrients will be given to an estimated 250,000 residents.
And inspection and evaluation will be carried out along with the project, and successful experiences will be extended to areas with similar situations.
The project is sponsored by Shanxi provincial government and the country's Healthy Baby Promotion Programme.
In the past two decades, the rate of birth defects in Shanxi Province is higher than the country's average by ______.
A．0.3
B．0.5
C．0.6
D．0.8
Passage One
The exact year of Christ's birth is not recorded, but the calendar began on the supposed date divides time into B.C. (before Christ) and A.D. (in the year of our Lord). Nor was the exact day of his birth known. For the first 300 years his birthday was celebrated on different days. It was not until the year 354 that December25thwas chosen.
Christmas music is loved by all who hear and sing it every year. Carols, bells, and merry music have been a part of Christmas for centuries. Every Christmas Eve the bells ring to call people to church services. The most famous sleigh bells in the world belong to Santa Claus.
Christmas is a family festival. In the United States, no distance seems too great if it enables one to join the family circle for the holiday. All schools close for two weeks, parents welcome home their children and grandchildren and often open their doors to friends and strangers.
31. The calendar began ______.
A. in the exact year of Christ' birth
B. on the exact date which divides time into B. C. and A. D.
C. on December 25th
D. on the chosen date
With the country's average rate of such defects in the past two decades at 1.3 per cent, the rate in Shanxi Province remains at 1.8 per cent, according to statistics. The rate in some mountain areas in the province has reache & an alarming 4 to 6 per cent.
Experts believe the high rate of birth defects there is related to a lack of basic vitamins for women in the early stages of their pregnancies. An ample vitamin supply has been show a by scientists to be important to proper embryonic development, which can reduce the rate of some birth defects and improve the quality of births.
To improve the nutritional conditions for local people, the project plans to add vitamins into flour, a staple food in the area.The nutrients to be added will be provided by various international organizations. The project has gained support from the World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund, and International Life Science Institute.
It is expected that by next January that flour with the added nutrients will be given to an estimated 250,000 residents.
And inspection and evaluation will be carried out along with the project, and successful experiences will be extended to areas with similar situations.
The project is sponsored by Shanxi provincial government and the country's Healthy Baby Promotion Programme.
In the past two decades, the rate of birth defects in Shanxi Province is higher than the country's average by__________.
A．0.3
B．0.5
C．0.6
D．0.8
Brazil' s population growth【62】has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960【63】1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this【64】may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.
Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗电视连续剧)and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect,【65】in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world's biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil' s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based【66】wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
"Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values--not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working," says Martine "They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and【67】people conscious of other patterns of behavior. and other【68】, which were put into a very attractive pack- age. "Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to【69】the poor to become consumers. "This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and【70】was incompatible'(不相容的)with un- limited reproduction," says Martine.
(41)
A．increase
B．reduce
C．extend
D．improve
Christmas music is loved by all who hear and sing it every year. Carols, bells, and merry music have been a part of Christmas for centuries. Every Christmas Eve the bells ring to call people to church services. The most famous sleigh bells in the world belong to Santa Claus.
Christmas is a family festival. In the United States, no distance seems too great if it enables one to join the family circle for the holiday. All schools close for two weeks, parents welcome home their children and grandchildren and often open their doors to friends and strangers.
The calendar began ______.
A．in the exact year of Christ' birth
B．on the exact date which divides time into B.C.and A.D.
C．on December 25th
D．on the chosen date
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