题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
The scientist decided he didn't want to be ______ with the project, and left.
A．reconciled
B．associated
C．negotiated
D．accommodated
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更多“The scientist decided he didn't want to be ______ with the project, and left.A．reconciledB”相关的问题
The author believes that ______.
A．she should marry a scientist
B．she should let her family decide who she should marry
C．she could fred something desirable in each of the three men
D．she is too young to consider marriage
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
As the horizons of science have expanded, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist; the other, the applied scientist.
The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of nature that govern our world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practical problems. Neither is more important than the other, however, for the two groups are very much related.
Sometimes the applied scientist finds the "problems" for the theoretical scientist to work on. Let's take a particular problem of the aircraft industry: heat-resistant metals. Many of the metals and alloys(合金) that perform. satisfactorily in a car cannot be used in a jet-propelled plane. New alloys must be used, because the jet engine operates at a much higher temperature than an automobile engine. The turbine wheel in a turbo-jet must withstand temperatures as high as 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit, so aircraft designers had to turn to the research metallurgist(冶金学者) for the development of metals and alloys that would do the job in jet-propelled planes.
Dividing scientists into two groups—pure and applied—is only one broad way of classifying them, however, when scientific knowledge was very limited, there was no need for men to specialize. Today, with the great body of scientific knowledge, scientists specialize in many different fields. Within each field, there is even further division. And, with finer and finer divisions, the various sciences have become more and more interrelated until no one branch is entirely independent of the others. Many new specialties—geophysics and biochemistry, for example—have resulted from combining the knowledge of two or more sciences.
The statement "the horizons of science have expanded"(Line 1, Para. 1) means that______.
A．the horizon is enlarged by scientists
B．scientists can observe further space
C．scientist9 are making efforts to expand the outer space
D．science has developed more fields
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
听力原文： The cancellation of the 16-day flight means that the crew and scientists on the ground are pursuing only their most important experiments in the few remaining hours left before the shuttle laboratory is closed. The US sapce agency NASA decided Sunday to bring the orbiter home 12 days early because of fears of weakened power generator could explode. The generator has been turned off, leaving the shuttle with only two thirds of its normal power supply. To conserve electricity for the experiments the crew is working in dimmer lighting than normal and has turned off all unessential equipment. NASA says the two remaining generators are sufficient for Tuesday's landing, but had nevertheless ordered the astronauts to study emergency procedures in case another fails. The shuttle team has expressed its disappointment at the curtailment of the science mission, and says enough data have already been collected in the materials, combustion and biological experiments to push science further ahead. The scientist' goal is to complete the experiments on a later shuttle flight. David Batlery, VOA news, Washington.
Why did NASA decide to bring the shuttle home earlier？
A．The laboratory was closed.
B．The generator was turned off.
C．The power generator might explode.
D．Electricity was going to run out.
Part I Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should
decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage 1
Question 1to 5 are based on the following passage.
Looking back on my childhood. I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed(紧抱的) flowers and insects. Unlike them ,I hand no ear for music and languages, I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.
Before World war I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. (76) Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door . but I do have a crystal-clear memory of dogs, the farm animals , the local birds and above all ,the insects.
I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil, reading about other people’s observations and discoveries .then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle(谜) ，because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books ,which some might honor with the title of scientific research.
But curiosity ,a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist can be made .A naturalist is born . If you can combine the two, you get the best of born worlds.
1. According to the author , a born naturalist should first of all be _____
A. full of enthusiasm
B. self-disciplined
C. full of ambition
D. knowledgeable
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Unlike the scientist, the engineer is not free to select the problem which interests him；he must solve the problems as they arise, and his solutions must satisfy conflicting requirements. Typically, the engineering solution to most problems must take into account many factors.
To the engineer, efficiency means output divided by input. His job is to secure a maximum output for a given input or to secure a given output with a minimum input. The ratio may be expressed in terms of energy, materials, money, time, or man. Most commonly the denominator (分母) is money；in fact, most engineering problems are answered ultimately in dollars and cents.
The emphasis on efficiency leads to the large, complex operations which are characteristic of engineering. The processing of the new antibiotic and vaccines in the test-tube stage belongs in the field of biochemistry, but when great quantities must be produced at low cost, it becomes an engineering problem. It is the desire for efficiency and economy that distinguishes ceramic engineering from the work of the potter, textile engineering from weaving, and agricultural engineering from farming.
Since output equals input minus losses, the engineer must keep losses and waste to a minimum. One way is to develop uses for products which otherwise would be waste. The work of the chemical engineer in utilizing successively greater fractions of raw materials such as crude oil is well known. Losses due to friction occur in every machine and in every organization. Efficient functioning depends on good design, careful attention to operating difficulties, and lubrication of rough spots, whether they are mechanical or personal.
The raw materials with which engineers work are seldom found in useful forms. Engineering of the highest type is required to conceive, design, and achieve the conversion of the energy of a turbulent mountain stream into the powerful torque(转矩) of an electric motor a hundred miles away. Similarly many engineering operations are required to change the sands of the seashore into the precise lenses which permit us to observe the minute bacteria in a drop of water and study a giant mass of stars in outer space.
What might be inferred about the scientist from the sentences at the beginning of the text？
A．He must choose the long-term solution to a problem.
B．He may study the problem he has an interest in.
C．He can avoid the conflict between work and pleasure.
D．He should be familiar with some engineering problems.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
听力原文： The cancellation of the 16-day flight means that the crew and scientists on the ground are pursuing only their most important experiments in the few remaining hours left before the shuttle laboratory is closed. The US space agency NASA decided Sunday to bring the orbiter home 12 days early because of fears of weakened power generator could explode. The generator has been turned off, leaving the shuttle with only two thirds of its normal power supply. To conserve electricity for the experiments the crew is working in dimmer lighting than normal and has turned off all unessential equipment. NASA says the two remaining generators are sufficient for Tuesday’s landing, but had nevertheless ordered the astronauts to study emergency procedures in case another fails. The shuttle team has expressed its disappointment at the curtailment of the science mission, and says enough data have already been collected in the materials, combustion and biological experiments to push science further ahead. The scientist' goal is to complete the experiments on a later shuttle flight. David Batlery, VOA news, Washington.
Why did NASA decide to bring the shuttle home earlier？
A．The laboratory was closed.
B．The generator was turned off.
C．The power generator might explode.
D．Electricity was going to run out.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Though explaining the entire human genetic blueprint is still a few years away, scientists have begun laying claim to the stretches of DNA whose codes they have succeeded in cracking. In recent years researchers have flooded the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office with applications for thousands of genes and gene fragments — and they have stirred a lot of controversy in the process.
The biggest problem with patenting genes is that while scientists have at least a general idea of what specific strands of genetic coding do, often it's just that — general. Investigators do sometimes succeed in isolating a single, crisp gene with a single known function. Often, however, researchers trying to map genes get no further than marking off fragmentary stretches of DNA that may be thousands of bases in length. These so-called expressed sequence tags may have real genetic information embedded in them, but determining where those fragments are and what their structure is takes more digging. Geneticists have lately been filing patent applications for these ESTs anyway. "I would guess that in many cases the scientists didn't even examine all the material," says Bruce Lehman, commissioner of the Patent and Trademark Office.
Not only can such filings be careless genetics, they can also be bad business. EST applications may lead to so-called submarine patents, claims that are made today and then vanish, only to reappear when some unsuspecting scientist finds something useful to do with genes hidden in the patent.
More troubling is an economic issue. If the entire genetic schematic is preemptively (抢先) owned by the research teams studying it now, where is the incentive for independent scientists — often sources of great innovation — to work on it later: Licensing costs, warns Jeffrey Kahn, director of the University of Minnesota's Center for Bioethics, could hold medical progress hostage. Patenting supporters insist that an equally persuasive argument could be made that the large genome-mapping groups need patent protection to make their work worthwhile to them.
Stickier than the economic question is the ethical one. Most of us shrink from the idea of anyone's owning the rights to any part of the human form. Besides, if the first anatomist (解剖学家) to spot, say, the pancreas (胰腺) was not granted title to it, why should modern genome mapping scientist be able to claim even a single gene: That kind of argument is grounded not in law but in the very idea of what it means to be human — an issue that even the highest federal court is not likely to settle.
Which of the following is true about the expressed sequence tags？
A．They are difficult to mark off.
B．They contain unidentified genetic information.
C．They contain the entire human genetic information.
D．They are genes whose specific functions have been identified.
There is an element of hypocrisy to much of the anti-cloning furor, or if not hypocrisy, superstition. The fact is we are already well down the path leading to genetic manipulation of the creepiest sort. Life-forms can be patented, which means they can be bought and sold and potentially traded on the commodities markets. Human embryos are life-forms, and there is nothing to stop anyone from marketing them now, on the same shelf with the Cabbage Patch dolls.
In fact, any culture that encourages in vitro fertilization has no right to complain about a market in embryos. The assumption behind the in vitro industry is that some people's genetic material is worth more than others' and deserves to be reproduced at any expense. Millions of low-income babies die every year from preventable ills like dysentery, while heroic efforts go into maintaining yuppie zygotes in test tubes at the unicellular stage. This is the dread "nightmare" of eugenics in familiar, marketplace form. which involves breeding the best-paid instead of the best. Cloning technology is an almost inevitable byproduct of in vitro fertilization. Once you decide to go to the trouble of in vitro, with its potentially hazardous megadoses of hormones for the female partner and various indignities for the male, you might as well make a few backup copies of any viable embryo that's produced. And once you've got the backup organ copies, why not keep a few in the freezer, in case Junior ever needs a new kidney or cornea？
The critics of cloning say we should know what we're getting into, with all its Orwellian implications. But if we decide to outlaw cloning, we should understand the implications of that. We would be saying in effect that we prefer to leave genetic destiny to the crap shooting of nature, despite sickle-cell anemia and Tay-Sachs and all the rest, because ultimately we don't trust the market to regulate life itself. And this may be the hardest thing of all to acknowledge: that it isn't so much 21st century technology we fear, as what will happen to that technology in the hands of old-fashioned 20th century capitalism.
We learn from the first paragraph that ______.
A．nonreligious folks received cloning with open arms.
B．the scientist was encouraged to popularize his ideas.
C．some people moved strongly against cloning technique.
D．a technician was condemned and sentenced to death.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
As countless photos from space can prove, the Earth is round the "Blue Marble," as astronauts have affectionately dubbed it. Appearances, however, can be deceiving. Planet Earth is not, in fact, perfectly round. This is not to say the Earth is flat. Well before Columbus sailed the ocean, Aristotle and other ancient Greek scholars proposed that Earth was round. This was based on a number of observations, such as the fact that departing ships seemed to be smaller as they sailed away, as one might expect if sailing across a ball says scientist Bill Carstensen of Virginia Tech in Blacksburg.
Isaac Newton first proposed that Earth was not perfectly round. Instead, he suggested it was an oblate spheroid(扁球体) a sphere that is squashed at its poles and swollen at the equator. He was correct and, because of this bulge, the distance from Earth's center to sea level is roughly 21 kilometers greater at the equator than at the poles.
Our globe, however, is not even a perfect oblate spheroid, because mass is not distributed evenly within the planet. The greater a concentration of mass is, the stronger its gravitational(重力的) pull, "creating bumps around the globe," says scientist Joe Meert at the University of Florida. Also Earth's shape changes over time due to a number of other dynamic factors. Mass shifts around inside the planet. Mountains and valleys emerge and disappear due to plate construction. Occasionally falling stars make the surface cave in. And the gravitational pull of the moon and sun not only cause ocean tides but earth titles as well. In addition, the changing weight of the oceans and atmosphere can cause the crust to be out of shape.
Moreover, to even out Earth's distribution of mass and stabilize its spin, "the entire surface of the Earth will rotate and try to redistribute mass along the equator, a process called true polar wander", Meert says.
To keep track of Earth's shape, scientists now position thousands of Global Positioning System receivers on the ground that can detect changes in their rising of a few millimeters, Meert says. Another method, dubbed satellite laser ranging, fires visible-wavelength lasers from a few dozen ground stations at satellites. Any changes detected in their orbits correspond to gravitational pulls and thus mass distributions inside the planet. It may not take much technology to understand that Earth is not perfectly round, but it takes quite a bit of effort and technology related above to determine its true shape.
Which of the following statements is true according to the first paragraph？
A．A number of photos from space show us that the earth is not round.
B．People think the earth is fiat, since its appearance deceived people.
C．Aristotle denied that the earth is flat, basing on the fact that Columbus sailed the ocean.
D．Tile fact that ships appeared smaller when they sailed away showed the earth is round.
听力原文： A study published in September suggests there is a surprising way to get people to avoid unhealthy foods: change their memories. Scientist Elizabeth Loftus of the University of California at Irvine asked volunteers to answer some questions on their personalities and food experiences. "One week later," Loftus says, "we told those people we'd fed their answers into our smart computer and it came up with an account of their early childhood experiences." Some accounts included one key additional detail. "You got sick after eating strawberry ice-cream." The researchers then changed this detail into a manufactured memory through leading questions—Who were you with？ How did you feel？ By the end of the study, up to 41% of those given a false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick, and many said they'd avoid eating it.
When Loftus published her findings, she started getting calls from people begging her to make them remember hating chocolate or French fries. Unfortunately, it's not that easy. False memories appear to work only for foods you don't cat on a regular basis. But most important, it is likely that false memories can be implanted only in people who are unaware of the mental control. And lying to a patient is immoral, even if a doctor believes it's for the patient's benefit.
Loftus says there's nothing to stop parents from trying it with their overweight children. "I say, wake up—parents have been lying about Father Christmas for years, and nobody seems to mind. If they can prevent diseases caused by fatness and all the other problems that come with that, you might think that's a more moral lie. Decide that for yourself."
(33)
A．To improve her computer program.
B．To find out their attitudes towards food.
C．To find out details she can make use of.
D．To predict what food they'll like in the future.
Quite a problem. The Bank usually chooses safe, historical personalities. We already have Sir Isaac Newton, the scientist, the first duke of Wellington, the famous soldier who led the British army at Waterloo, Florence Nightingale, founder of English nursing and — of course — Shakespeare. So far, the list of possible choices for the ￡50 note is quite predictable. There's Sir Francis Drake, to represent the achievements of English explorers in the sixteenth century. Then we have Lord Nelson, another sailor and the man who won the battle of Trafalgar in 1805 for England. Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the engineer, is also on the list because of the magnificent bridges which he built. The Bank will not forget music this time either — Sir Edward Elgar, one of our most famous composers of the nineteenth century is a possible choice. If they choose a woman, the feminist movement has two representatives: Boadicea, Queen of the early English tribes of the first century, who fought against the Romans, or Emily Pankhurst, who fought to get the vote for women early in this century.
What do you think of this selection？ There's no one who was alive in the last fifty years on it and no political leader. Why not？ Why doesn't the Bank choose popular heroes — like the Beatles, for example？ Write and tell "BBC Modern English" who is on your list for this banknote. Imagine you have to choose some personality to go on a banknote in your own country. Who is your choice？
"Inflation" in this story means "______".
A．the rise in prices resulting from an increase in the money, credit, etc.
B．the rise and fall of the voice in speaking
C．the process of inflating or being inflated
D．an illness brought by infection
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