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提问人：网友boylove1 发布时间：2022-01-07
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Men have often been praised by being told that they were as smart as a Philadelphia lawyer

. No one knows why there is something special about Philadelphia lawyers, but the expression "smart as a Philadelphia lawyer" seems to have come from a famous trial early in the 18th century.

An Englishman, William S. Cosby arrived in New York as the royal governor of the province. He was a tyrant. He wanted to make money quickly and he ruled the province with no thought for the law or the rights of the people. Among those who opposed his rule was John Peter Zinger who came to America from Germany. Mr. Zinger started a newspaper which praised liberty and sharply criticized the governor. Governor Cosby arrested Mr. Zinger, charged him with slander and kept him in prison for 9 months. Mr. Zinger could not find a New York lawyer to defend him because of the governor's power. But a leading lawyer from Philadelphia agreed to defend Mr. Zinger. He was Andrew Hamilton, white-haired and almost 80 years old.

The trial opened, the jury chosen and charges read. At that time, the law on slander said that jury could decide only if the person accused published in the newspaper named in the charges. The question of whether words published were true or not was to be decided by the judge. Mr. Zinger told the court he was innocent. Then the lawyer from Philadelphia rose, admitted that Mr. Zinger did publish the newspaper as charged. But Mr. Hamilton continued. The publishing of a newspaper does not make a person guilty of slander. He said that words themselves must be proved false or slanderous; Otherwise Mr. Zinger is innocent. The judge warned Mr. Hamilton that he, the judge, would decide if the words were slanderous or not. Mr. Hamilton quickly turned to the jury and asked them to decide. He said that it was their right to decide whether the alleged slander was in fact the truth. In his final statement to the jury, Mr. Hamilton said the question was much bigger than the charges against Mr. Zinger. He said the question was liberty and right of people to oppose dishonesty and tyranny by speaking and writing the truth. After a brief discussion the jury declared that Mr. Zinger was not guilty and cheers broke out in the courtroom. The decision established the principle of freedom of the press in the American Colonies. Mr. Hamilton was praised as a hero. Through the years the fame of Mr; Zinger trial and praise for Mr. Hamilton has spread throughout the country. Anti so it is believed that the expression "as smart as a Philadelphia lawyer" honors the man from Philadelphia who successfully de- fended the freedom of the press to print the truth.

Many people opposed Governor Cosby's rule because ______.

A．he wanted to make money quickly

B．he was the royal governor

C．he was a tyrant

D．they were biased

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更多“Men have often been praised by being told that they were as smart as a Philadelphia lawyer”相关的问题
第1题
What is suggested about outsiders who now live in the country？A．That country people no lon

What is suggested about outsiders who now live in the country？

A．That country people no longer reject them.

B．That they often do work like servicing cars and digging gardens.

C．That the men and women who work for them are from the city.

D．That many of them have been in the countryside for a long time.

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第2题
This is supposed to be an enlightened age, but you wouldn't think so if you could hear wha
t the average men think of the average women. Women won their independence years ago. After a long, biter struggle, they now enjoy the same educational opportunities as men in most parts of the world. They have proved repeatedly that they are equal and often superior to men in almost every field. The hard-fought battle for recognition has been won, but it is by no means over. It is men, not women who still carry on the sex war because their attitude remains basically hostile. Even in the most progressive societies, women continue to be regarded as second-rate citizens. Hearing some men talk, you'd think that women belong to a different species. On the surface, the comments made by men about women's abilities seem light-heartiness does not conceal the real contempt (轻视) that men feel for women. However much men sneer at women, their claims to superiority are not borne out by statistics. We all know that women cause far fewer accidents than men. They are too careful and responsible to drive like menaces. But this is a minor quibble (双关语). Women have succeeded in any job you care to name. As politicians, soldiers, doctors, bus-conductors, scientists and presidents of countries they have often put men to shame. And we must remember that they frequently succeed brilliantly in all these fields in addition to bearing and rearing children.

Which of the following statements in true？

A．Women's struggle for recognition has been completely won.

B．Women have proved their abilities in many fields.

C．Women can not get the same educational opportunities as men.

D．Women are now regarded as equal to men all over the world.

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第3题
Historians can't tell us when, where or 【71】 the first food was cooked. In earliest 【72】 w
hen people had eaten their food 【73】 , an fire was used only to provide heat and light.

The first primitive cooks were 【74】 women, 【75】 preparing food and making clothing were considered women's work. 【76】 most of the great chefs in history have been men. This might have been because chefs learned 【77】 work in the kitchens of rich families 【78】 in restaurants and women didn't often take jobs outside their homes, or it might have been because kitchen equipment was so heavy and difficult to work with 【79】 only strong men could do it. In modern times, great female chefs have become known, and some of the best cook books 【80】 by women.

(71)

A．who

B．which

C．how

D．what

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第4题
According to figures from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average weekly income f
or a woman in 1983 was $ 260. For the same year, men had average weekly earnings of $ 393. For some people, these figures are clear evidence that there is still sex discrimination in the area of pay in the U. S. However, I would argue that this explanation is too simple. In order to get an accurate picture of the situation, we must examine the types of jobs which are typically held by men and by women. When we do this, we find that certain occupations seem to be primarily female while others seem to be primarily male occupations. In the medical and legal professions, for example, statistics show that 85% of all doctors and lawyers are men (although this situation is changing). More than 90% of all engineers are men. Women, however, have been the majority for a long time in other occupations. For example, 99 out of every 100 secretaries are women, and 95% of all nurses are female. From these statistics, it is clear that women tend to enter certain occupations and not others. The occupations which they enter are often in service industries and often have one common feature: They do not pay well. It can be argued that this is the principal reason for the difference in earnings between men and women. In addition, we can expect the pay situation to change in the future, because more qualified women are beginning careers in medicine, law, business, scientific research, and engineering.

What jobs have typically been held by women？

A．Jobs as doctors and lawyers.

B．Jobs in service industries.

C．Jobs in areas without sex discrimination.

D．Jobs in areas where women are respected.

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第5题
On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over confli
ct and discord. On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics. In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted—for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things—some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom. For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life. For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the west; endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth. For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn.

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第6题
听力原文：Throughout history, sports have played an important role in society. Not only hav

听力原文： Throughout history, sports have played an important role in society. Not only have they been a source of entertainment for both the player and the spectator, but they have served as a pleasurable way of ensuring the physical fitness of citizens of all ages.

The popularity of different sports varies from one country to another. Factors such as tradition, climate and cost obviously influence the types of sports that are played by both amateur and professional athletes in various countries. Contrary to winter sports like ice hockey and downhill skiing, table tennis, badminton and fishing, for example, do not require expensive equipment or expensive sports facilities.

Television has increased the popularity of sports like football, basketball, tennis and golf. Millions of men and women all over the world watch live broadcasts of the Olympic Games and the World Cup, for example. Star athletes become the topic of conversation, and often serve as models of courage and determination. The re cord-breaking accomplishments of many athletes are inspirational examples of men and women approaching the limits of human endeavor. Although their performances have been enhanced by major improvements in equipment and training, these sports stars usually deserve the glory and celebrity status they receive.

However, many educators feel that too much emphasis has been placed on the development of professional athletes. Physical education teachers often stress the importance of competitive sports for all young people, not just a select few of the excellent ones. They point out that sports help channel energy in a positive way and contribute to the development of determination and self-discipline. All boys and girls, irrespective of their athletic abilities, should be able to benefit from the joys and disappointments of competitive sports.

(33)

A．Badminton.

B．Fishing.

C．Table tennis.

D．Ice hockey.

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第7题
Dear Linda,I have been in England three months now. I hope you don't think I' ve forgotten

Dear Linda,

I have been in England three months now. I hope you don't think I' ve forgotten you. There have been so many places to see and so many things to do that I've not had much time for writing letters.

I shall soon be starting my studies at King's College. So far I've been learning about England and British ways of living. I won't tell you about London. There are plenty of books you can read and plenty of pictures you can look at. I'm sure you'll be more interested to know what I think about the life here.

I find some of the customs(风俗)new and interesting. People here do not shake hands as much as we do in Europe. During the first few weeks I was often surprised because people did not put out their hands when I met them. Men raise their hats to women but not to each other.

Your' s Alice

The writer came to London from ______ .

A．Asia

B．Europe

C．America

D．Africa

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第8题
听力原文：Dogs have often been referred to as a man's best friend. But medical studies are
now proving that dogs often improve and extend the quality of people' s lives. A recent study conducted by the Association for Human and Animal Relations says that people who own at least one dog have an 80% chance of living beyond 75 years of age. Those who do not own a dog were found to have only a 63% chance of living beyond 75 years of age. Dog owners also have a lower stress or anxiety level than non-dog owners. Dog owners are also considered more outgoing and more physically active than those who do not own a dog. The results come from a study involving 2,000 men over the age of 55. The study will appear in next month's issue of Dog Discoveries Magazine.

What does the study mainly say？

A．Men with dogs lead healthier lives.

B．Dogs need to be treated properly.

C．Men without dogs have less stress.

D．Dogs are harmful to senior citizens.

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第9题
There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is
that of men, the second of beasts; hut as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to the rulers by ancient writers, who relate how Achiiles and many others of those ancient princes were given Chiron the centaur to be bought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi-animal, semi-human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that one without the other is not durable.

A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and the reasons which made him hind himself no longer exist, If men were all good, this percept would not be a good one; hut as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, se you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wishes to show colorable excuse for the unfulfilment of his promise. Of this one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and also how many times peace has been broken, and how man promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves be to deceived.

The writer does not believe that ______.

A．the truth makes men free

B．people can protect themselves

C．princes are human

D．leaders have to be consistent

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第10题
At least since the Industrial Revolution, gender roles have been in a state of transition.
As a result, cultural scripts about marriage have undergone change. One of the more obvious 【31】 has occurred in the roles that women 【32】. Women have moved into the world of work and have become adept at meeting expectations in that arena, 【33】 maintaining their family rules of nurturing and creating a(n) 【34】 that is a haven for all family members. 【35】 many women experience strain from trying to "do it all," they often enjoy the increased 【36】 that can result from playing multiple roles. As women's roles have changed, changing expectations about men's roles have become more 【37】. Many men are relinquishing their major responsibility 【38】 the family provider. Probably the most significant change in men's roles, however, is in the emotional 【39】 of family life. Men are increasingly 【40】 to meet the emotional needs of their families, 【41】 their wives.

In fact, expectations about the emotional domain of marriage have become more significant for marriage in general. Research on 【42】 marriage has changed over recent decades points to the increasing importance of the emotional side of the relationships and the importance of sharing in the "emotion work" 【43】 to nourish marriages and other family relationships. Men and women want to experience marriages that are interdependent, 【44】 both partners nurture each other, attend and respond to each other, and encourage and promote each other. We are thus seeing marriages in which men's and women's roles are becoming increasingly more 【45】.

(30)

A．incidents

B．changes

C．results

D．effects

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第11题
At least since the Industrial Revolution, gender roles have been in a state of transition.
As a result, cultural scripts about marriage have undergone change. One of the more obvious【21】has occurred in the roles that women【22】. Women have moved into the world of work and have become adept at meeting expectations in that arena,【23】maintaining their family roles of nurturing and creating a(n)【24】that is a haven for all family members.【25】many women experience strain from trying to "do it all," they often enjoy the increased【26】that can result from playing multiple roles. As women's roles have changed, changing expectations about men's roles have become more【27】. Many men are relinquishing their major responsibility【28】the family provider. Probably the most significant change in men's roles, however, is in the emotional【29】of family life. Men are increasingly【30】to meet the emotional needs of their families,【31】their wives.

In fact, expectations about the emotional domain of marriage have become more significant for marriage in general. Research on【32】marriage has changed over recent decades points to the increasing importance of the emotional side of the relationship, and the importance of sharing in the "emotion work"【33】to nourish marriages and other family relationships. Men and women want to experience marriages that are interdependent,【34】both partners nurture each other, attend and respond to each other, and encourage and promote each other. We are thus seeing marriages in which men's and women's roles are becoming increasingly more【35】.

(21)

A．incidents

B．changes

C．results

D．effects

点击查看答案
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