An introduction for a short summary of the passage appears below. Complete the summary by
A、Small prints in subdued color
B、Large, overall designs
C、Widely spaced motifs
D、Prints with large curves
A、needs analysis
B、training assessment
C、performance analysis
D、performance appraisal
A、allows specialization, which increases costs.
B、allows specialization, which reduces costs.
C、reduces specialization, which increases costs.
D、reduces specialization, which reduces costs.
A、
B、
C、
D、none of these curves
A.than do any other
B.does than any other
C.other than do they any
D.than they do any other
Coming Soon: the Next Great Flu Epidemic The virus first came to officials attention in a bag of dead chickens. Early in March 1997, a farmer from Hong Kongs New Territories carried them into the Agriculture and Fisheries Department laboratory. The final state of some birds was a hideous, bloody mush. Cultures of their organs revealed they had died of avian influenza, type H5N1. Influenza of the H5 subtype had never been known to infect humans. But in the next seven months, 18 Hong Kong residents fell ill with H5N1 and six died. In late December 1997, public health officials took a drastic step, ordering the slaughter of every chicken in every farm and marketplace in Hong Kong. The HSN1 virus seemed to disappear but for how long? The specter of the 1918 flu was raised by this new avian flu. The 1918 flu was one of the most changeable and resistant viruses known to man. After weve been infected with one strain, it can mutate and infect us again. We are only immune to flu strains our bodies have seen before. A flu can also "jump species" to an animal it has never infected before, once such a flu moves into humans, if it can "learn" to pass easily between them, it can spark a pandemic—a global outbreak. Birds carry the flu virus in their intestines and excrete it in their feces. In all likelihood, shoppers who got sick with H5 touched surfaces contaminated with chicken feces. Humans, however, carry flu in their respiratory tracts and usually spread them in a cough or sneeze. Flu strains that travel this way are highly contagious. The H5 virus in Hong Kong was different. It sickened very few, but killed a third of those infected. Most who got sick with H5 seemed to catch it directly from a bird they bought in a live-poultry market. After the Hong Kong outbreak, flu experts feared that H5—already deadly to humans—might learn to move between humans as well as between birds. That "raises the specter of 1918", says Nancy Cox, chief of the Influenza Branch of the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP). Geographic isolation was no protection during the 1918 pandemic. In the Alaska Territory, the mortality rate in some villages was as high as 90 percent. All told, at least 500000 Americans perished. It could happen again. The virus that became the Spanish flu probably came from a bird. Avian-flu expert Dr. Robert Webster of St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital in Memphis, Tenn., believes the virus may have leapt straight from birds to humans, possibly a year to two before the pandemic began. Once lodged in human lungs, it quickly passed from person to person in a simple cough or sneeze. To avoid that grim possibility, here are three measures all nations need to take: The first step is better surveillance. Most countries, though, dont start tracking avian flu until after an epidemic kills their chickens. The United States dramatically increased its monitoring after a deadly outbreak in Pennsylvania in the early 1980s. The USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) provides diagnostic support. Some virologists recommend enhancing surveillance of swine flu too. The U. S. National Institutes of Health is beginning to study the issue. Elsewhere, the coverage is not good enough, says Dr. W. Paul Glezen of the Baylor College of Medicines Influenza Research Center. He names Africa and South America as areas where the World Health Organizations net is incomplete. Another important measure is producing more vaccines and flu shots. Only three of the 15 known influenza subtypes—H1, H2 and H3—have been found in people. Vaccines exist for each, and an H5 vaccine is now being developed. Some experts believe that we should develop a vaccine for the other known subtypes as well. Health authorities add that more people need flu shots now. We should manufacture 120 million doses a year, but we are making only 80 million. If we bought more vaccines, manufacturers could produce more. This increased production capacity would be invaluable in a pandemic. A strong pandemic plan. The U. S. government has been developing a pandemic plan since 1997. The Hong Kong outbreak, notes CDCP investigator Keiji Fukuda, was a "dry run" for a real emergency. "It showed us we can get people there and answer some tough questions," but "H5 also taught us that lots of issues are hard to grapple with they come so fast". In March of this year, Hong Kongs Agriculture and Fisheries Department announced it had found H5N1 in the goose excrement of a poultry stall. (A)The virus was not identical to the 1997 version, and the next day it was gone. (B)However, the two viruses were related. (C)A month later, in April, the Hong Kong Department of Health announced that two girls, ages one and four, were recovering from an H9 flu virus found in poultry. (D)H9 has never before been known to infect humans.
What does the word inquisitive mean in Paragraph 1 of the passage?
A.Unconcerned.
B.Curious.
C.Spying.
D.Indifferent.
A.his first automobile
B.the development of the assembly line
C.his ninth car, the Model T
D.his first self-propelled vehicle
A.It will not exist in future.
B.It would never disappear.
C.It may practically be avoided.
D.It should be bridge
听力原文:Sarah Hi, Bob. Bob Hi, Sarah. Sarah How is your history paper coming? Bob Not so great. Sarah Why? What happened? I thought you were almost finished last night. Bob Well, the paper is written, but it is not typed yet. Sarah Didnt you have time? Bob No. Because all the computers at the computer center are taken. I have no choice, just wait, wait and wait. And it is due this afternoon. I dont know what Im gonna do. Sarah The same thing happened to me a few weeks ago on an economics project. Every time I went to the center, all the computers were being used. And I have a lot of graphs and charts that had to be done on the computer. Because I have to finish my homework on time, I ended up doing them by hand. Bob There are so few computers for all the students here. Sarah Yes, I agree. Bob And they are always breaking down too. Sarah I know. But another problem is that they close so early. Around 9:30. Bob I know. I came back last night at about 9:15 thinking the crowd might have thinned up by then. A guy at the door told me they were going to close in a few minutes. I couldnt believe it! Sarah We should try to do something about this. Bob Ill go along with you on this point. Sarah Why dont we write a letter to the campus newspaper about that problem? Bob I think we should write directly to the dean. You know, we could explain the problem and make an official request that the school add more computers and that the computer rooms stay open longer. Sarah Maybe it would be a good idea to get other students signatures. I am sure a lot of others feel the same way we do. And that would carry more weight. Bob That is true. Do you want to get together to write the letter tonight? Sarah Sure. But I have a study group meeting at 7:30. Bob OK. Lets meet earlier in the dining hall at 6:30. It shouldnt take us long to write. We can start collecting signatures tomorrow at lunch. Sarah See you then. Good luck with your paper. Bob See you.Narrator Listen to a conversation between two students. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer.
What problem does the man have?
A.He found the computer center closed early.
B.He has not finished his paper yet.
C.He had to stay up late typing his paper.
D.His computer is not workin
A.A perception of any action, or institutional structure.
B.The individual may be an ageist with respect to others.
C.The individual may be an ageist with respect to self.
D.The concept of agedness is changing gradually.
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