The fact we may not be able to directly assist you does not mean your complaint isn’t vali
A.which
B.whom
C.who
D.that
A.which
B.whom
C.who
D.that
A.which
B.whom
C.who
D.that
A.in fact
B.in a word
C.in general
D.in turn
According to the passage, we may state that ______.
A.modern scientists and the ancient philosophers used similar techniques
B.the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning is non-existent
C.the ancient philosophers and scientists were primarily interested in "theories"
D.it is easy to convert "theory" into fact
A.他们相信我们用电话交流容易减少人际交往。
B.他们相信我们这么用电话交流不可能减少人际交往。
C.他们相信我们这么方便用电话交流的话,人际交往就减少了。
D.他们相信我们这么方便用电话交流,这一情况可能会减少人际交往。
At this point we raise the troublesome methodological question, "What is a fact?" While the word looks deceptively simple, it is not easy to distinguish a fact from a widely shared illusion. Suppose we define a fact as a descriptive Statement upon which all qualified observers are in agreement. By this definition, medieval ghosts were a fact, since all medieval observers agreed that ghosts were real. There is, therefore, no way to be sure that a fact is an accurate description and not a mistaken impression. Research would be easier if facts were dependable, unshakable certainties. Since they are not, the best we can do is to recognize that a fact is a descriptive statement of reality which scientists, after careful examination and cross-checking, agree in believing to be accurate.
Since science is based on verifiable evidence, science can deal only with questions about which verifiable evidence can be found. Questions like "Is there a God?" "What is the purpose and destiny of man?" or "What makes a thing beautiful?" are not scientific questions because they can not be treated factually. Such questions may be terribly important, but the scientific method has not tools for handling them. Scientists can study human beliefs about God, or man's destiny, or beauty, or anything else, and they may study the personal and social consequences of such beliefs; but these are studies of human behavior, with no attempt to settle the truth or error of the beliefs themselves.
Science then does not have answers for everything, and many important questions are not scientific questions. The scientific method is our most reliable source of factual knowledge about human behavior. and the natural universe, but science with its dependence upon verifiable factual evidence cannot answer questions about value, or esthetics, or purpose and ultimate meaning, or supernatural phenomena. Answers to such questions must be sought in philosophy, metaphysics, or religion.
Each scientific conclusion represents the most reasonable interpretation of all the available evidence—but new evidence may appear tomorrow. Therefore science has no absolute truths. An absolute truth is one which will hold true for all times, places, or circumstances. All scientific truth is tentative, subject to revision in the light of new evidence. Some scientific conclusions (e.g., that the earth is a spheroid; or that innate drives are culturally conditioned) are based upon such a large and consistent body of evidence that scientists doubt that they will ever be overturned by new evidence. Yet the scientific method requires that all conclusions be open to reexamination whenever new evidence is found to challenge them.
The central idea of the passage is
A.scientific knowledge is based on verifiable evidence.
B.science does not have answers for verifiable evidence.
C.science has no absolute truths.
D.the scientific method requires that all conclusions be open to reexamination whenever new evidence is found to challenge them.
Where is the John Street Bistro located?
A.Near a shopping mall
B.Near a fire station
C.Near a school
D.Near a post office
Effort is the essence of happiness: there is no happiness
except as we take on challenges. Short of the
impossible, the satisfactions we get from a lifetime depend
on how high we place our difficulties. The mortal flaw in
the advertised version of happiness is in fact that it claims 【S1】______
to be effortless.
We demand difficulty ever in our diversions (娱乐). 【S2】______
We demand it because without difficulty there can be no
game; a game is a way of making something easy for the 【S3】______
fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary addition of
difficulty. It is easier to win a chess if you are flee to change 【S4】______
the rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. If we
could mint (铸造) our own money, even building a fortune
will become boring. No difficulty, no fun. 【S5】______
Happiness is never more than partial. Whoever else 【S6】______
happiness may be, it is neither in having nor being, but in 【S7】______
becoming. What the writers of the Constitution declared
for us as an inherent right was not happiness but pursuit 【S8】______
of happiness. What the early patriots may have underlined, 【S9】______
could they have foreseen the happiness-market, is the
cardinal fact that happiness is in the pursuit itself, 【S10】______
in the pursuit what is engaging and life-changing, which is to say,
in the idea of becoming. A nation is not measured by what it
possesses or wants to possess, but by what it wants to
become.
【S1】
The Need to Remember
Some people say they have no memory at all: "I just can't remember a thing!" But of course we all have a memory. Our memory tells us who we are. Our memory helps us to make use In the present of what we have learnt in the past.
in fact we have different types of memory. For example, our visual memory helps us recall facts and places. 'Some people have such a strong visual memory, they can remember exactly what they have seen, for example, pages of a book, as a complete picture.
Our verbal (言语的) memory helps us remember words and figures we may have heard but not seen or written: items of a shopping list, a chemical formula, dates, or a recipe.
With our emotional (情感的) memory, we recall situations or places where we had strong feelings, perhaps of happiness or unhappiness. We also have special memories for smell, taste, touch and sound, and for performing physical movements.
We have two ways of storing any of these memories. Our short-term memory stores items for up to thirty seconds enough to remember a telephone number while we dial. Our long-term memory, on the other hand, may store items for a lifetime. Older people in fact have a much better long-term memory than short-term. They may forget what they have done only a few hours ago, but have the clearest remembrance (记忆) of when they were very young.
Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts about our past, and that we invent the rest. It is as though we remember only the outline of a story. We then make up the details. We often do this in the way we want to remember them, usually so that we appear as the heroes of our own past or maybe victims needing sympathy (同情).
Visual memory helps us recall a place we have been to.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
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