题目内容
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Gary Hirshberg made a new type of vending machine in order to
A．earn much more money for his company.
B．reduce school expenditure on those low-nutrition food.
C．replace the traditional snacks as they are harmful to kids.
D．promote a new kind of yogurt product.
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Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
A cramped public-school test kitchen might seem an unlikely outpost for a food revolution. But Collazo, executive chef for the New York City public schools, and scores of others across the country—celebrity chefs and lunch ladies, district superintendents and politicians—say they're determined to improve what kids eat in school. Nearly everyone agrees something must be done. Most school cafeterias are staffed by poorly trained, badly equipped workers who churn out 4.8 billion hot lunches a year. Often the meals, produced for about $1 each, consist of breaded meat patties, French fries and overcooked vegetables. So the kids buy muffins, cookies and ice cream instead—or they feast on fast food from McDonald's, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell, which is available in more than half the schools in the nation. Vending machines packed with sodas and candy line the hall ways. "We're killing our kids" with the food we serve, says Texas Education Commissioner Susan Combs.
As rates of childhood obesity and diabetes skyrocket, public-health officials say schools need to change the way kids eat. It won't be easy. Some kids and their parents don't know better. Home cooking is becoming a forgotten art. And fast-food companies now spend $3 billion a year on television ads aimed at children. Along with reading and writing, schools need to teach kids what to eat to stay healthy, says culinary innovator Alice Waters, who is introducing gardening and fresh produce to 16 schools in California. It's a golden opportunity, she says, "to affect the way children eat for the rest of their lives." Last year star English chef Jamie Oliver took over a school cafeteria in a working-class suburb of London. A documentary about his work shamed the British government into spending $500 million to revamp the nation's school-food program. Oliver says it's the United States' turn now. "If you can put a man on the moon," he says, "you can give kids the food they need to make them lighter, fitter and live longer."
Changing school food will take money. Many schools administrators are hooked on the easy cash up to $75,000 annually—that soda and candy vending machines can bring in. Three years ago Gary Hirshberg of Concord, N.H., was appalled when his 13-year-old son described his daytime meal—pizza, chocolate milk and a package of Skittles. "I wasn't aware Skittles was a food group," says Hirshberg, CEO of Stonyfield Farm, a yogurt company. So he devised a vending machine that stocks healthy snacks: yogurt smoothies, fruit leathers and whole-wheat pretzels. So far 41 schools in California, Illinois and Washington are using his machines—and a thousand more have requested them. Hirshberg says, "schools have to make good food a priority."
Some states are trying. California, New York and Texas have passed new laws that limit junk food sold on school grounds. Districts in California, New Mexico and Washington have begun buying produce from local farms. The soda and candy in the vending machines have been replaced by juice and beef jerky. "It's not perfect," says Jannison. But it's a cause worth fighting for, Even if she has to battle one chip at a time.
From paragraph 1, we learn that
A．most American school cafeterias are well functional.
B．more than half the schools have McDonald chains.
C．to change school food has been agreed by nearly everyone.
D．fast food restaurants are beneficial supplements to school cafeterias.
M: I need to get this off my chest. I am having problems living with Gary, my roommate. We've barely spoken to each other in a month, and when we do, it's fight.
W: I knew that you two were having problems, but I didn't think things went so far. What started it all？
M: Well, it started when we first moved in. I had a lot of things, and Gary wasn't thrilled. He's not easy to please.
W: So where did you find the room for your stuff？
M: I put it in the closet in the kitchen. This made him really upset because he wanted to put his surfing gear there.
W: Was that the only problem？
M: Oh, no. I like neat; orderly apartment. And I always want things to be where it should he. But Gary is so carefree. His part of the apartment is always a mess. Even in our shared living space, such as the kitchen, bath, living room etc.
W: Have you ever tried talking to him about this？
M: I've tried, but it made no difference. He even starts yelling at me about how my friends are always coming over when he has lots of work to do. I'm really sick.
W: You might consider trying to compromise with him if he promises to keep the house tidy.
M: That might work. Thanks for your advice.
W: Anytime.
Where is this conversation probably taking place？
A．On a noisy square.
B．In a crowded classroom.
C．In an empty room.
D．In a subway station.
听力原文：W: (1) What a nice, quiet spot from all those people. What's going on with you, Jason？
M: I need to get this off my chest. (2) I am having problems living with Gary, my roommate. We've barely spoken to each other in a month, and when we do, it's fight.
W: I knew that you two were having problems, but I didn't think things went so far. What started it all？
M: Well, it started when we first moved in. I had a lot of things, and Gary wasn't thrilled. He's not easy to please.
W: So where did you find the room for your stuff？
M: I put it in the closet in the kitchen. This made him really upset because he wanted to put his surfing gear there.
W: Was that the only problem？
M: Oh, no. (3) I like neat, orderly apartment. And I always want things to be where it should e. But Gary is so carefree. His part of the apartment is always a mess. Even in our shared living space, such as the kitchen, bath, living room etc.
W: Have you ever tried talking to him about this？
M: I've tried, but it made no difference. (3) He even starts yelling at me about how my friends are always coming over when he has lots of work to do. I'm really sick.
W: (4) You might consider trying to compromise with him if he promises to keep the house tidy.
M: That might work. Thanks for your advice.
W: Anytime.
Where is this conversation probably taking place？
A．At a noisy square.
B．In a crowded classroom.
C．In an empty room.
D．In a subway station.
(课外资料)
In the grass, a baby duck was hatched (孵化) out in a college biology lab with a backward left foot. At the time, it probably wouldn’t have survived, if Mike Gary didn’t recommend a proper operation to cut off that bad foot.
Months after the healing process, engineers at Novacopy Company produced a 3D printed model that would be used to create a prosthetic (修复的) foot for the duck. Considering that ABS plastics were not flexible enough for this type of exercise, the Novacopy company made a three-dimensionally modeled foot made of silicone, with the hope to create a permanent prosthesis(假肢) for the duck.
It took just 13 hours to produce. This 3D prosthesis demonstrated the 3D technologies can be used not only for human application, but also in foreign subjects such as animals and other medical treatments.
1. Where was the baby duck hatched out？{A; B; C}
A. In a college biology lab.
B. In a back yard.
C. In Noacopy Company.
2. What was wrong with the baby duck？{A; B; C}
A. It didn’t survived.
B. It was born with a backward left foot.
C. Mike Gary cut off that bad foot.
3. Could ABS plastics be used to produce a 3D printed model that would be used to create a prosthetic foot for the duck？{A; B; C}
A. No, because ABS plastics were not flexible enough.
B. Yes, but it could only be produced by Novacopy Company.
C. Yes, because it was made of silicone.
4. How long did it take to create a permanent prosthesis for the duck？{A; B; C}
A. 10 hours.
B. 13 hours.
C. 30 hours.
5. What did the last sentence of this passage indicate？{A; B; C}
A. 3D technologies can be used only for human application.
B. 3D technologies can be used only for foreigners.
C. 3D technologies can be used to human, animals and other medical treatments.
Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle. As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted to steel. The Bessemer converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a matter of minutes.
Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120 long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.
Barges and steamers carried the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed Gary, Indiana, and Toledo, Youngstown, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steel manufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of ail.
Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventy seven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.
According to the passage, the railroad industry preferred steel to iron because steel was ______.
A．cheaper and more plentiful
B．lighter and easier to mold
C．cleaner and easier to mine
D．stronger and more durable
In April, 'Washington Mutual raised its overdraft fee in most states to $ 34 from $ 32. Also this year, the bank increased the number of times a day that a customer can be hit with this fee, from five to seven 'Washington Mutual spokesman Gary Kishner says the bank raises fees partly due to " competitive factors". This year, (Bank of America raised the fee charged on the first day a customer overdraws to $ 25 from $ 20. The bank also raised the number of times a customer can be hit with this fees per day to seven from five. And it's told customers that most signature debit-card transactions will reduce their balances that same day and be subject to fees if there isn't enough money in the account. (Before, consumers often avoided this fee if they deposited money before a purchase cleared
Bank of America spokeswoman (Diane Wagner says the bank adjusts fees to "establish more uniform. pricing for our national franchise".
Which of the following factors does Gary Kishner cite as one of the main reasons behind the increase in overdraft charges？
A．Competitive factors
B．Too little money in customers' accounts
C．The weak economy
D．Debit-card transactions
Gary and Me
The restaurant owner John Moore writes about his relationship with his son Gary, the famous TV chef
I believe everyone's given a chance in life. My son, Gary, was given his chance with cooking, and my chance was to run a restaurant. When I heard about the opportunity, I rushed over to look at the place. It was in a really bad state. It was perfect for what I had in mind.
Coming into this business made me recall my childhood. I can remember my mother going out to work in a factory and me being so upset because I was left alone. With that in mind, I thought, "We want time for family life". My wife dedicated herself to looking after the children and did all my accounts while I ran the business. We lived over the restaurant in those days, and we always put a lot of emphasis on having meals together line 14 It's paid dividends with our children, Gary and Joe. They're both very confident. Also, from a very early age they would come down and talk to our regular customers. It's given both of them a great start in life.
Gary was quite a lively child when he was really small. We had a corner bath, and when he was about seven he thought he'd jump into it like a swimming pool, and he knocked himself out. When he was older, he had to work tot pocket money. He started off doing odd jobs and by the age of about ten he was m the kitchen every weekend, so be always had loads of money at school. He had discipline. He used to be up even before me it the morning. If you run a filmily business, it's for the family, and it was nice to see him helping out.
Gary wasn't very academic, but lie shone so much in the kitchen. By the age of fifteen he was as good as any of the men working there, and sometimes he was even left in charge. He would produce over a hundred meals, and from then I knew he'd go into catering because he had that flair. So when he came to me and said, "Dad, I've got to do work experience as part of my course at school", I sent him to a friend of mine who's got a restaurant.
Gary, recently took up playing the drums and now he has his own band. Goodness knows what will happen to the cooking if the music takes off. My advice to Gary would be: if you start chasing two hams, you end up catching neither-, so chase the hare you know you're going to catch. He understood when I said to him: "Gary, if you're going to get anywhere in life, you've got to do it by the age of 30. If you haven't done it by then, it's too late." line 44
Gary went to catering college at the age of 17, and on his first day he and the other new students--they're normally complete beginners-were given what's supposed to be a morning's work. But within an hour, Gary had chopped all his vegetables, sliced all his meats. He'd prepared everything. That's my soil for you! In the end, he was helping other people out.
None of is can believe how successful Gary's TV cookery series has become. I'm extremely proud of him. I've always tried to tell him that if you want something, you've got to work jolly hard for it, because no one gives you anything. He's seen the opportunity he's been given and grabbed hold of it with both hands. You know, you talk to your children as they grow up, and if they only take in ten per cent of what you've told them, you've got to be happy with that. The things Gary says, the firings he does, I think, well, he must have listened sometimes.
How did the writer react to his own big chance？
A．He worried about the problems.
B．He saw what could be done.
C．He thought the family would suffer.
D．He wondered if he should take it.
Part B Listening Comprehension
Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
听力原文：The railroad industry could not have grown as large as it did without steel. The first rails were made of iron. But iron rails were not strong enough to support heavy trains running at high speeds. Railroad executives wanted to replace them with steel rails because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer. Before the 1870's, however, steel was too expensive to be widely used. It was made by a slow and expensive process of heating, stirring, and reheating iron ore.
Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle. As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted, to steel. The Bessemer converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a matter of minutes.
Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120-mile-long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.
Barges and steamers carried the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed Gary, Indiana and Toledo, Youngstowm, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steel-manufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of all.
Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventy-seven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.
Questions:
1. Why did the railroad industry prefer steel to iron according to the talk？
2.What was the furnace used by Bessemer to process iron into steel called？
3.How did the Bessemer method make the mass production of steel possible？
4.Where were large deposits of iron ore uncovered？
5.What can be inferred from the talk？
(21)
A．Steel was cheaper and more plentiful.
B．Steel was cleaner and easier to mine.
C．Steel was lighter and easier to mold.
D．Steel was stronger and more durable.
Simon: Are you coming to my birthday party tomorrow？
Gary;______, but I have to finish my term paper first.
Gary really loses his donkey.
A．True.
B．False.
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