听力原文：W: Hi, Frank! I just saw a program on TV that said that juvenile crime was increasing. And I want to ask your opinion about how to stop… well… how to prevent juvenile crime, because I know that you work with a lot of young people.
M: Well, first… I think the media exacerbated the problem, and so does the school system. Where I live, we have thousands of security guards in the schools, and metal detectors, too. And the kids get searched as they go into school. Now all of that presents the wrong message. The kids don't feel like they're going to school. They feel like they're going to jail. And so they are more likely to lash out and become violent. I think it's a cause-and-effect relationship. The students get violent because the system makes them like that.
W: So you're saying that the messages kids get from the media, and even from school, are responsible for making them do bad things？
M: Yes, I am. I think that every young person is essentially good. I mean you see violent students, students who are violent in class, but put them on a one-to-one basis, and they are usually very friendly. It's not that they're really bad. It's that they're product of their environment. If you give them a more caring environment, you really can change the kind of actions they take.
W: Well, what about all the social support systems？
M: You see, the problem is that social support systems have really fallen apart. Take for example, Big Brother Big Sister Programs or After School Programs. I don't mean just letting them stay in school until 6 o'clock, doing whatever they want. They should be doing healthy, supervised activities, a structured program of activities, instructional programs, or it could be athletics. A lot of our schools used to have football teams, or basketball teams, or baseball teams, but the funding for programs like those has been cut. They've been eliminated. So that leaves the child with a lot of energy and nothing to do with it.
W: What do the Big Brother Big Sister Programs do？
M: Well, they have people a little older, say in their 20s, who are willing to spend time on an individual basis with the students in the middle school or in high school. See, the problem is that a lot of kids don't get the one-on-one attention they need. But kids need to see that somebody really cares about them.
W: But what about kids who really do commit crimes？ Stealing, pick pocketing or drug abuse, or something worse. I mean you do get cases where kids become involved in really serious crimes. I mean what should be done with kids like that？
M: Well, let me say that preventing crime is definitely better than punishing it. It's better to have good role models and stop crime before it starts. But we also need harsher punishments. You see some countries where drug crimes carry a maximum sentence of 20 years or life imprisonment, and the crime numbers go down very fast. Having stronger punishment does reduce crime. But you have to be sure that the punishments are fair. We're talking about juvenile crime. But white collar crime needs to be punished, too.
Questions:
11.On which of the following topics is the man being interviewed？
12.What is the interviewee's opinion about the kids~ getting violent？
13.According the interviewee, what should be done to change the violent actions that young people take？
14.The interviewee recommends several things that the kids can do after school which of the following is NOT one of these things？
15.Why does the man say that we need harsher punishments on serious juvenile crimes？
(31)
A．TV programs.
B．Media coverage on crime.
C．The school system.
D．Juvenile crime.
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