近因效应(recent effect)
近因效应(recent effect)
近因效应(recent effect)
A.represented
B.increased
C.cancelled out
D.paid
First, as a result of an organism's ingestion of oil, direct lethal toxicity (毒性), that is, death by poisoning, can occur. However, in cases where the effect is less extreme, sub-lethal toxicity occurs. While cellular and physiological processes are involved in both cases in the latter, the organism continues to survive. Second, in some cases, oil forms a covering on the organism.
This covering, referred to as coating, can result in smothering, that is, death of the organism due to lack of air. In instances where the effects of coating are less severe, interference with movement and loss of insulated properties of feathers or fur may occur. The third effect of oil on marine organisms is the tainting or contamination of edible organisms. This results from the incorporation of hydrocarbons (碳化氢) into the organism, thus making it unfit for human consumption.
The final effect which this study has revealed is that of habitual changes. The alterations in the physical and chemical environment brought about by oil spills result in a change in the species composition of a region.
The implications of this must recent study are far-reaching. An oil spill in a particular region could critically upset the balance of nature, the total effect only becoming apparent after many years.
What is the title of this passage?
A.Marine Organisms.
B.Oil Spills.
C.The Effect of Oil on Marine Organisms.
D.The Study of Oil Spills.
A.An email reminding you that a new piece of legislation is about to come into effect
B.A health and safety officer’s report showing that a department failed its assessment in a recent fire evacuation drill
C.A set of competence standards for your job or department
D.Feedback from a colleague about the standard of your work
收入效应(income effect)和替代效应(substitution effect)
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