题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A．To identify myself and to ask the caller to leave a message
B．To access the voice mail system
C．To leave a message for my co-workers
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So why do manufacturers keep on designing and producing VCRs that are awkward to use if the problems are so obvious. First, the problem we notice are not obvious to technically minded (有技术思想的) designers with years o[ experience and trained to understand how appliances work. Secondly, designers tend to add one or two features at a time to each model, whereas you or I face all a machine' features at once. Thirdly, although finding problems in a finished product is easy, it is too late by then to do anything about the design. Finally, if manufacturers can get away with selling products that are difficult to use, it is not worth the effort of any one of them to make improvements.
Some manufacturers say they concentrate on providing a wide range of features rather than on making the machines easy to use. But that gives rise to the question, "Why can't you have features that are easy to use？" The answer is you can.
Good design practice is a mixture of specific procedures and general principles. For a start, designers should build an original model of the machine and try it out on typical members of the public—not on colleagues in the development laboratory. Simple public trials would quickly reveal many design mistakes. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say, 90 per cent of users can work 90 per cent of the features correctly 90 per cent of the time.
The author had trouble operating his VCR because
A．he had neglected the importance of using the timer
B．the machine had far more technical features than necessary
C．he had set about using it without proper training
D．its operation was far more difficult than the designer intended it to be
So why do manufacturers keep on designing and producing VCRs that are awkward to use if the problems are so obvious？ First, the problems are not obvious to technically minded designers with years of experience and trained to understand how appliances work. Secondly, designers tend to add one or two features at a time to each model, whereas you or I face all a machine's features at once. Thirdly, although finding problems in a finished product is easy, it is too late by then to do anything about the design. Finally, if manufacturers can get away with selling products that are difficult to use, it is not worth the effort of any one of them to make improvements.
Some manufacturers say they concentrate on proving a wide range of features rather than on making the machines easy to use. But that gives rise to the question, "Why can't you have features that are easy to use*." The answer is you can.
Good design practice is a mixture of specific procedures and general principles. For a start, designers should build an original model of the machine and try it out on typical members of the public—not on colleagues in the development laboratory. Simple public trials would quickly reveal many design mistakes. In an idem world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say, 90 per cent of users can work 90 per cent of the features correctly 90 per cent of the time.
According to the passage, before a VCR is sold on the market its original model should be tried out ________.
A．among ordinary consumers who are not technically minded
B．among people who are technically minded
C．among experienced technicians and potential users
D．among people who are in charge of public relations
So why do manufacturer keep on designing and producing VCRs that are awkward to use if the problems are so obvious？ First, the problems we notice are not obvious to technically minded designers with years of experience and trained to understand how appliances work. Secondly, designers tend to add one or two features at a time to each model, whereas you or I face all a machine's features at once. Thirdly, although finding problems in a finished product is easy, it is too late by then to do anything about the design. Finally, if manufacturers can get away with selling products that are difficult to use, it is not worth the effort of any one of them to make improvements.
Some manufacturers say they concentrate on providing a wide range of features rather than on making the machines easy to use. But that gives rise to the question, "Why can't you have features that are easy use？" The answer is you can.
Good design practice is a mixture of specific procedures and general principles. For a start, designers should build an original model of the machine and try it out on typical members of the public—not on colleagues in the development laboratory. Simple public trials would quickly reveal many design mistakes. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say, 90 percent of users can work 90 per cent of the features correctly 90 per cent of the time.
The author had trouble operating his VCR because______.
A．he had neglected the importance of using the timer
B．the machine had far more technical features than necessary
C．he had set about using it without proper training
D．its operation was far more difficult than the designer intended it to be
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Video recorders and photocopiers(复印机), even ticket machines on the railways, often seem unnecessarily difficult to use. Last December I bought myself a Video cassette recorder (VCR) described as "simple to use". In the first three weeks I failed repeatedly to program the machine to record from the YV, and after months of practice l still made mistakes. I am not alone. According to a survey last year by Ferguson, the British manufacturer, more than one in four VCR owners never use the timer on their machines to record a programme: they don't use it because they've found it far too hard to operate. So why do manufacturers keep on designing and producing VCRs that are awkward to use if the problems are so obvious？
First, the problems we notice are not obvious to technically minded designers with years of experience and trained to understand how appliances work. Secondly, designers tend to add one or two features at a time to each model, whereas you or I face all a machine's features at once. Thirdly, although finding problems in a finished product is easy, it is too late by then to do anything about the design. Finally, if manufacturers can get away with selling products that are difficult to use, it is not worth the effort of any one of them to make improvements.
Some manufacturers say they concentrate on providing a wide range of features rather than on making the machines easy to use. But that gives rise to the question, "why can't you have features that are easy to use？" The answer is you can.
Good design practice is a mixture of specific procedures and general principles. For a start, designers should build an original model of the machine and try it out on typical members of the public—not on colleagues in the development laboratory. Simple pubic trials would quickly reveal many design mistakes. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such ms that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say, 90 percent of users can work 90 per cent of the features correctly 90 per cent of the time.
The author had trouble operating his VCR became ______.
A．he had neglected the importance of using the timer
B．the machine had far more technical features than necessary
C．he had set about using it without proper training
D．its operation was far more difficult than the designer intended it to be
Question 32 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Step 1:
Use open-ended questions For a conversation to flow well, it ’ s important to ask open questions, these often start with “ how” , ” when” , ” why” , etc. Tryto avoid asking closed questions that can be answered with yes or no answer, because closed question tend to kill theconversation.
Step 2:
Listen actively People speak at 100 to 175 words per minute, but they can listen intelligently at up to 300 words per minute. Since onlya part of our mind is paying attention. It is easy to go into mind drift — thinking about other things while listening to someone. The cure for this is active listening, which involves listening with a purpose.
Step 3:
Create a “ cocoon” If you ’ re finding it particularly difficult to concentrate on what someone is saying, try to imagine a “ cocoon ” arou ndyou and the person you ’ re listening to. Imagine that the cocoon is blocking out all outside distractions(干扰 ), so you canreally focus on what they are saying.
Step 4:
Engage with the other person When someone is trying to get your attention, or engage you in a conversation, don ’ t turn your back on them, or answerover your shoulder. Instead, turn and face them, engage with them. Good communication is when you really engage. Whenyou are talking to people, observe your body language and your tone of voice. Remember to use gestures, look people in theeye and smile when you talk unless you are complaining about something.
32.Which of the following questions tends to kill a conversation according to the passage？
A.Why do you like reading novels？
B.How do you improve your reading skills？
C.What do you usually read？
D.Do you like reading science fiction？
What does the underlined phrase “ mind drift ” in Step 2 most probably mean？A.thinking about something else
B.feeling comfortable
C.listening with a purpose
D.speaking slowly
What is your purpose to engage with the speaker in a conversation？A.for the tone of your voice
B.for blocking distractions
C.for the use of body language
D.for good communication
What is the passage mainly about？A.improvement in communication skills
B.open-ended questions vs. closed questions
C.distractions and concentration
D.mind drift and engaging in conversations
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
A.Here you are
B.You are welcome
C.It is OK
D.Don’t worry
听力原文：W: Excuse me, could you do me a favor？
M: Sure. What's the problem？
W: I am new here, and I was wondering how I could use the library.
M: Well, if you're a regular student you can use your student ID as a borrower card. If not, you would apply at the loan office.
W: What exactly can I borrow？ I mean, can I take anything out from the library？
M: Well, you can borrow almost everything including books and multimedia materials. But you cannot take out any serial like journals and magazines.
W: Can you tell me something about the recall system here？ My friend tells me if a book gets recalled, you have to bring it back right away, is that true？
M: Oh, certainly not right away, but you do have to take it back within several days of the recall notice.
W: Would you tell me why？
M: The reason we have this system is because that sometimes students need certain materials urgently.
W: But what if I am not around to receive it？
M: If we cannot contact you by phone or by mail, we will contact the department that you are registered in and have a recall notice delivered to your teacher.
W: Just one more question before I run to class: How much are the fines, by any chance？
M: 30 cents a day per book. So, take care not to be late.
(1)
A．Books.
B．Multimedia materials.
C．Serial like journals and magazines.
D．Not given.
Why do you think the author wrote this passage？
A．To explain why language learning is difficult.
B．To teach people to speak English.
C．To compare language learning with other types of learning.
D．To encourage language learners to use these techniques.
Suppose that the cost of a gallon of heating oil will either be $0.90 or $1.10 in six months. The current price is $1.00 per gallon. (1) What are the risks faced by a reseller of heating oil that has a large inventory on hand？ What are the risks faced by a large user of heating oil with a very small inventory？ (2) How can these two parties use the heating oil futures market to reduce their risks and lock in a price of $1.00 per gallon？ Assume each contract is for 50,000 gallons and they each need to hedge 100,000 gallons. (3) Can you say that each party has been made better off？ Why or why not？
Write a note of about 100 words in an appropriate style. on the answer sheet.
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