题目内容
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Old English was mainly derived from the dialects of _________.
A.ancient Celtic people
B.Anglo-Saxons
C.Romans
D.French
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更多“Old English was mainly derived from the dialects of _________.A.ancient Celtic peopleB.A”相关的问题
What is the main feature of the grammar of Old English？
A．The influence of Latin.
B．A revolution in vowel distribution.
C．A well-developed inflectional system.
D．Loss of some inflections.
Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nations whose English is not their first language. Like other languages, English has changed greatly. The history of the English language can be divided into three main periods : Old English, Middle English and Modern English. The English language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, and they contributed greatly to the formation of the English language. During the medieval and early modern periods, the influence of English spread throughout the British Isles, and from the early 17th century its influence began to be felt throughout the world. The processes of European exploration and colonization for several centuries led to significant change in English. Today, American English is particularly influential, due to the popularity of American cinema, television, music, trade and technology, including the Internet.
The period of Middle English extends roughly from the twelfth century through the fifteenth.The influence of French(and Latin,often by way of French)upon the vocabulary continued throughout the period,the loss of some inflections and the reduction of others accelerate, and many changes took place within the grammatical systems of the language.A typical prose passage, especially one from the later part of the period, will not have such a foreign look to us as the prose of Old English, but it will not be mistaken for contemporary writing either.
The period of Modern English extends from the sixteenth century to our own day.The early part of this period saw the completion of a revolution in vowel distribution that had began in late Middle English and that effectively brought the language to something resembling its present pattern.Other important early developments include the stabilizing effect on spelling of the printing press and the beginning of the direct influence of Latin, and to a lesser extent.Greel pm the vocabulary.Later, as English came into contact with other cultures around the world and distinctive dialects of English developed in the many areas which Britain had colonized, numerous other languages made small but interesting contributions to our word-stock.
1.The earliest writing record of English available to us started_____.
A.from the seventh century
B.from the fifth century
C.from the twelfth century
D.from the ninth century
2.What is the main features of the grammar of Old English？()
A.The influence of Latin
B.A revolution in vowel distribution
C.A well-developed inflectional system
D.Loss of some inflection
3.What can be inferred from the passage？()
A.Even an educated person cannot read old English without special training
B.A person who knows French well can understand old English
C.An educated person can understand old English but cannot pronounce it
D.A person can pronounce old English words but cannot understand them
4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned？()
A.French
B.Latin
C.Greek
D.German
5.What is the most remarkable characteristic of Modern English？()
A.Numerous additions to its vocabulary.
B.Completion of a revolution in vowel distribution.
C.Gradual changes in tis grammatical system.
D.The direct influence of Latin.
Fast reading 3: The Manager, Royal Publishers, P.O. Box 558 Dear Sir, I am 19 years old, and I graduated from Newtown High School last October. At high school my main subjects were English, business studies, history, athletics and science. I would be very interested in working as a salesman. I am very interested in books, and I have always been interested in the publishing business. I enjoy meeting and talking to people. I enclose two letters of reference, a photograph, and my school academic record. I would be available for an interview at any time. I look forward to hearing from you. 29. This letter is written to a _____.
A、prospective salesperson
B、manager
C、high school student
D、publisher
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
Why is English so difficult？ It is often thought that the number of words in the English language is a major reason, but this is not the real answer. Certainly, there are over half million words in the Oxford English Dictionary, but only about 10,000 are in general everyday use. A much stronger reason is the rich variety of sources from which English comes—sources that are due to the different people who have conquered or settled in parts of the British Isles over the past 1,300 years-and knowing more about the way English has evolved over this period makes its difficulties easier to understand.
What do we mean by an "English" word？ Many words are English in the sense that they can be traced back to the Anglo-Saxons—Germanic tribes which settled in England from around the fifth century A.D. They gave us many common words like book, house, cat and dog. Earlier still were the Celtic people whose speech survives in Scottish and Irish Gaelic, in Welsh, and in the local languages of two extremities of the British Isles, Manx and Cornish. There is practically no Celtic influence in English. This is because the Celts were forced back in to the fringes of the British Isles by the Anglo-Saxon invaders, and there was little cultural interaction.
The next important influence on the main vocabulary of English came in the ninth and tenth centuries when much of the east side of England was in the hands of Danish invaders, and England as a whole had a Danish king Cnut (Canute) for a time. The Danes had much more contact with the Anglo-Saxons than did the Celts, and their short period of occupation has left its mark in the number of Scandinavian words taken into our language. Many of these are still in use, such as take and law, names of parts of the body such as leg and skull. Many more Scandinavian words are preserved in some dialects of the east side of England, in place-names and in street-names.
The last time that England was successfully invaded was in 1052 when William of Normandy defeated the English king Harold at the Battle of Hastings. The arrival of the Normans brought a further decisive influence on the language—French. French, together with Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian is known as a Romance language, and has its roots in Latin. For several centuries, French was the language of the aristocracy in England and a large number of French words came into the language. Many of these words are to do with government, like justice, council and tax, and many are abstract terms like liberty, charity and conflict.
Most of the words taken into the language over the years were adopted either because there was a basic need for them and they were useful or because they were preferable m some way to the words already in use. Often the old word disappeared altogether. In many cases, however, the new word and the old continued in use side by side on a roughly equal footing. This had produced pairs of words which are both in use today, like shut and close or buy and purchase, in which the second word of each pair is French in origin.
In the first years after the Norman Conquest many new words were used only by the ruling class and professionals associated with them, such as scribes and clerks. The language of the common people remained largely unaffected. It was the spread of literacy and the development of printing that brought the French words into more general use. Often these were technical words, or words with an official ring, such as commence and purchase. The result was a mixture of types of words. For many meanings we now have a choice of formal and informal words, the formal ones often being used only in very specific situations.
Why is English difficult according to the text？
A．English comes from a great variety of sources.
B．There are over half a million words in English vocabulary.
C．The number of the words in the English language is the main reason.
D．Many English words can be traced back to the Anglo-Saxons tribes.
听力原文： For most of its life, New Amsterdam had fewer than 1,000 residents, but its influence would far outstrip its size. This was the first and most important multicultural base in colonial America. While Boston and, later, Philadelphia, developed along distinctly English lines, New Amsterdam was pluralistic from the beginning. In 1643, when barely 500 people called it home, director Willem Kieft told a visiting Jesuit priest that 18 languages were spoken. In fact, according to some estimates this "Dutch" city was never more than 50 percent Dutch in its population. The other major groups included Germans, English, Africans, Scandinavians, French, and Jewish. From this tiny mix of peoples would come the structure of New York City. The so-called Castello Plan--a map drawn up in 1660--gives us an excellent picture of what New Amsterdam was like at its height, just four years before the English took over and renamed it New York. The truth, as exhibited in the museum of the city of New York, is that the Dutch happened to transport an entire civilization from one continent to another when they created New Amsterdam. And they also transported the two main features that created America: Plural- ism and the very free spirit. People outside this city sometimes say that America is not New York. They're right. It's New Amsterdam.
What does New Amsterdam refer to？
A．A city in the Netherlands.
B．A state in America.
C．The old name of New York City.
D．The Dutch remains in America.
A.Middle English
B.Old English
C.Modern English
D.Shakespeare's English
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