题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
政府可能会关注大规模的经常项目赤字或盈余，你能找出其中的理由吗？政府为什么会关注该国的官方结算余额(即该国的国际收支平衡)？
Can you think of reasons why a government might be concerned about a large current account deficit or surplus？ Why might a government be concerned about its official settlements balance(that is，its balance of payments)？
简答题官方参考答案
（由简答题聘请的专业题库老师提供的解答）
更多“政府可能会关注大规模的经常项目赤字或盈余，你能找出其中的理由吗？政府为什么会关注该国的官方结算余额（即”相关的问题
a．这一年帕丘尼亚的国际收支余额是多少？该国的净国外资产发生了什么变化？
b．假设外国中央银行既不买入也不售出帕丘尼亚的资产。2002年帕丘尼亚中央银行的外汇储备有什么变化？这项官方干预行为如何在帕丘尼亚的国际收支账户中反映出来？
c．如果已知2002年外国中央银行购入了6亿美元的帕丘尼亚资产，你将如何回答(b)的问题？这些官方购买如何记入外国的国际收支账户？
d．假定(c)中的情况在2002年发生，写出帕丘尼亚该年的国际收支账户。
The nation of Pecunia had a current account deficit of ＄1 billion and a nonreserve financial account surplus of ＄500 million in 2002，
a．What was the balance of payments of Pecunia in that year？ What happened to the country's net foreign assets？
b．Assume that foreign central banks neither buy nor sell Pecunian assets．How did the Pecunian central bank's foreign reserves change in 2002？ How would this official intervention show up in the balance of payments accounts of Pecunia？
c．How would your answer to (b) change if you learned that foreign central banks had purchased $600 million of Pecunian assets in 2002？ How would these official purchases enter foreign balance of payments accounts？
d．Draw up the Pecunian balance of payments accounts for 2002 under the assumption that the event described in (c) occurred in that year．
秘书卫红的办公室内，卫红正在向小李交代工作：“编制下周的值班表，起草一份公司的信息工作程序，检查办公环境的安全隐患。”
小李：“卫秘书，这么多工作我怎样安排呀？”
卫红：“别着急，按照工作的轻重缓急顺序，先安排重要的、紧急的工作，你大胆去做吧，有什么困难我会帮助你的。”
小李：“我明白了，谢谢您。”转身离开。
卫红拨打电话：“我是秘书卫红，我预订下周二的轿车去接利华公司的王副经理，谢谢!再见。”
电话铃响了四声，卫红才接起。
王总经理的声音：“我下个月到英国洽谈一个合作项目，你赶快给我办理出国手续。”
卫红：“好的，最近机票很紧张，我先给您去订机票吧，再去办理出国手续。我先把出国申请报告写好，您把相片等材料准备好”。
数日后，公司门口前，一辆轿车驶来。卫红首先从车后排右侧门出来，拉开前排副驾驶的门请客人下车。
卫红：“请您这边走。”她走在客人左前方，引导客人进入公司会客室。
卫红：“您请坐。”将客人让在靠近门口的沙发上。
A New Yorker travels to New Jersey to buy a ＄100 telephone answering machine．The New Jersey Company that sells the machine then deposits the ＄100 check in its account at a New York bank．How would these transactions show up in the balance of payments accounts of New York and New Jersey？ What if the New Yorker pays cash for the machine？
a．一个美国人购入一股德国股票，用在一家瑞士银行的账户开出的支票支付。
b．一个美国人购入一股德国股票，用在一家美国银行的账户开出的支票支付。
c．法国政府通过使用存在一家美国银行的美元，从法国公民手中买进法国货币的方式来进行官方外汇干预。
d．一个底特律的旅行者，在法国里昂一家豪华饭店吃了一顿饭，用VISA信用卡进行支付。
e．一个加州葡萄酒生产者，为伦敦葡萄酒品尝节运去一箱cabernet sauvignon葡萄酒。
f．位于英国的一家美国企业用在当地的收入购入额外的机器。
Explain how each of the following transactions generates two entries-a credit and a debit-in the American balance of payments accounts，and describe how each entry would be classified：
a．An American buys a share of German stock，paying by writing a check on an account with a Swiss bank．
b．An．American buys a share of German stock．paying the seller with a check on an American bank．
c．The French government carries out an official foreign exchange intervention in which it uses dollars held in an American bank to buy French currency from its citizens。
d．A tourist from Detroit buys a meal at an expensive restaurant in Lyons，France，paying with a traveler's check．
e．A California winegrower contributes a case of cabernet sauvignon for a London wine tasting．
f．A U.S.-owned factory in Britain uses local earnings to buy additional machinery．
等式SP=I+CA-Sg=I+CA+(T-G)=I+CA+(G-T)告诉我们，为了减少经常项目赤字，一国必须增加私人储蓄，减少国内投资或削减政府预算赤字。但是，正如我们在对20世纪80年代美国与日本经常项目案例研究中所看到的那样，许多人建议以限制从日本和其他国家的进口来减少美国的经常项目赤字。美国设立较高的进口壁垒，对美国的私人储蓄、国内投资和政府财政赤字有什么影响？你是否认为对进口限制一定会削减美国经常项目赤字？
Equation SP=I+CA-Sg=I+CA+(T-G)=I+CA+(G-T)tells ns that to reduce a current account deficit，a country must increase its private saving，reduce domestic investment，or cut its government budget deficit．In the 1980s，many people recommended restrictions on imports from Japan(and other countries)to reduce the American current account deficit．How would higher U.S. barriers to imports affect its private saving，domestic investment，and government deficit？ Do you agree that import restrictions would necessarily reduce a U.S. current account deficit？
We stated in this chapter that GNP accounts avoid double counting by including only the value of final goods and services sold on the market．Should the measure of imports used in the GNP accounts therefore be defined to include only imports of final goods and services from abroad？ What about exports？
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