19. An individual is born with his/ her own culture.

e education is decentralised and standards vary from place to place. What is more, diversity is the hallmark of American education. Education is largely a public function in America, but religious and private institutions do sponsor schools. These private schools, particularly in the primary and secondary field, are now enjoying a resurgence. Most children in America begin school in a kindergarten class at age 5. This follows with eight years of primary education, then four years of high school. Education is compulsory until about age 16. The existence of large minorities, many with a primary language other than English, complicates the educational process. Many Americans do not believe that their school standards are high enough. The high rate of functional illiteracy gives credence to this charge. Higher education in America is widespread with about 1,800 post-secondary institutions. These include two-year community colleges, four-year undergraduate colleges and universities, and many schools which have extensive graduate programmes. Some schools are privately funded, but most receive the bulk of their funding from public sources. There is a great range of quality between higher educational institutions and, some universities have outstanding academic records. These quality differences may be overemphasised for many non-prestige schools have excellent programmes. In the long run, the individual determines the education he gets. Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. Why is generalising about American education so difficult？ 17. Where do most American schools obtain their funding？ 18. Why do minorities create an educational problem in America？ 19. What is the safe generalisation about quality in American higher education？16．

A．From religious organisations.

B．From public sources.

C．From corporate sources.

D．From research grants.

The common forms of business organization are proprietorship, partnership, corporation, or limited liability corporation.

A proprietorship is owned by one individual. More than 70% of the businesses in the United States are organized as proprietorships. The popularity of this form. is due to the ease and the low cost of organizing. The primary disadvantage of proprietorships is that the financial resources available to the business are limited to the individual owner,5 resources. Small local businesses such as hardware stores, repair shops, laundries, restaurants, and maid services are often organized as proprietorships.

As a business grows and more financial and managerial resources are needed, it may become a partnership. A partnership is owned by two or more individuals. Like proprietorships, small local businesses such as automotive repair shops, music stores, beauty salons, and clothing stores may be organized as partnerships. Currently, about 10% of the businesses in the United States are organized as partnerships.

A corporation is organized under state or federal statues as a separate legal taxable entity. The ownership of a corporation is divided into shares of stock. A corporation issues the stocks to individuals or other businesses,who then become owners or stockholders of the corporation.

A primary advantage of the corporate form. 15 the ability to obtain large amounts of resources by issuing stock.For this reason,most companies that require large investments in equipment and facilities are organized as corporations.About 20%of the businesses in the United States are organized as corporations.Given that most large companies are organized

As corporations, over 90% of the total dollars of business receipts are received by corporations.Thus,corporations have a major influence on the economy.

Al limited liability corporation combines attributes of a partnership and a corporation in that it 15 organized as a corporation,but it can elect to be taxed as a partnership.Thus,its owners'(or members')liability is limited to their investment in the business,and its income is taxed when the owners report it on their individual tax returns.

Now choose the best sentence(A,B,C or D)for each question.

15.Most businesses in America are organized as proprietorships due to the reason that______.

A. it is owned by one individual

B. it is easy and cheap to organize them

C. the financial resources available to the business are limited

D. small local businesses are organized as proprietorships

16. The difference between a proprietorship and a partnership is that______.

A. a partnership is organized under state or federal statues

B. a proprietorship has the ability to obtain large amounts of resources

C. a partnership has two or more owners while a proprietorship has only one

D. a proprietorship is more welcomed by businesses

17. The corporate form. is quite suitable for companies that______.

A. need large investments in equipment and facilities

B. obtain large amounts of resources

C. have to issue the stocks to others

D. belong to separate legal taxable entities

18. Which of the following organizations has a major influence on the economy？

A. Proprietorships.

B. Partnerships.

C. Corporations.

D. Limited liability corporations.

19. A limited liability corporation has the following features except______.

A. it has the attributes of both a partnership and a corporation.

B. it is organized as a corporation.

C. it can be taxed as a partnership.

D. its owners are liable for all the failures.

20. According to the passage, which of the following is not true？______.

A. Proprietorship, partnership, corporation and limited liability corporation are common forms of business organizations.

B. Most business receipts are received by limited liability corporations.

C. Corporations issue stocks to individuals or businesses, who then become their owners.

D. The owners of limited liability corporations should be taxed.

听力原文：W: Hello, Sam. You seem to be worried.

M: Well, (19) I can't make up my mind which university to attend.

W: What are the choices you have in mind？

M: State University and Wales College.

W: You seem to have doubts about the State University. But its Engineering Department has a great reputation. What else could an engineering major want？

M: Yeah, actually they can offer me scholarship as well. (20) But a friend told me that first year there can be as many as a hundred students for some lectures. You probably wouldn't have any chance to get to know any of your teachers.

W: Well, those classes also have small discussion sections. They meet twice a week, have no more than twenty students.

M: I know. But I've also heard that they are usually taught by graduate students. (21) At Wales College all classes are taught by professors.

W: Do you prefer a small town like Wales？ Or the biggest cities like the state capital？

M: That doesn't matter to me. What I do care about is getting individual attention from the teachers.

W: It sounds to me that you're leaning toward Wales College？

M: I am. The only problem is that the Wales College's tuition is really high and I don't think I can afford it.

W: (22) You could apply for a student loan or sign up for a work-study program.

M: Yeah, I think I'll look into that.

19. What are the speakers mainly discussing？

20.What does the man most concern about the State University？

21.What does the man consider to be an advantage of Wales College？

22.What will the man most likely do？

(23)

A．Sam's application for a student loan.

B．A decision they have to make.

C．Which college accepted Sam.

D．Which university Sam should attend.

nd that what we put on is in some way a reflection of what we feel？

W: Oh yes, very much so. Now people are beginning to take seriously the idea of a kind of psychology of clothing, to believe that there is not just individual taste in our clothes but also a thinking behind what we wear which is trying to express something we may not even be aware of ourselves.

M: But surely this has always been the case. We all dress up when we want to impress someone, such as for a job interview with a prospective employer; we tend to make an effort and put on something smart.

W: True, but that's a conscious act. What I'm talking about is more of a subconscious thing. Take for example the student who is away from home at college or university: if he rends to wrap himself up more than the others, this is because he is probably feeling homesick. Similarly, a general feeling of insecurity can sometimes take the form. of over-dressing in warmer clothes than are necessary.

M: Can you give any other examples of this kind？

W: Yes. I think people who are sociable and outgoing tend to dress in an extrovert way, preferring brighter or more dazzling colors—yellows, bright reds, and so on. In the same way, what might be seen as a parallel with the animal kingdom, aggressive clothes might indicate an aggressive personality or attitude to life. Think about the threat displays used by animals when they want to warn off opponents.

M: Do you think the care—or lack of it—over the way we actually wear our clothes has anything to tell us？

W: Yes, indeed. The length, for example, of a man's trousers speaks volumes about his awareness of his own image. Or, if his trousers are very short or hanging loosely, this probably means he's absorbed by other things.

19. According to the woman, what governs the clothes we wear？

20.Judging by the extraordinarily warm clothes some people wear, what might we learn about them？

21.So far as clothes are concerned, what color might shy people prefer according to the woman？

22.What is the relationship between the man and the woman in the dialogue？

(39)

A．Individual taste and love for beauty.

B．A desire to express oneself and display one's wealth.

C．Individual taste and personal thinking.

D．Love for beauty and desire to impress other people.

A.project

B.contact

C.issue

D.piece