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提问人：网友susan_8821 发布时间：2022-01-07
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Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: There are two methods of fighting,

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know well how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to rulers by ancient writers, who related how Achilles and many others of those ancient princes were given to Chiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi animal, semi human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that the one without the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox annot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept would not be good ; but as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wished to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. Of this one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and show how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves to be deceived. The author of the passage does not believe that ____

A.A.people can protect themselves

B.B.the truth makes men free

C.C.leaders have to be consistent

D.D.princes are human

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更多“Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: There are two methods of fighting,”相关的问题
第1题
Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

As a person who writes about food and drink for a living, I couldn’t tell you the first thing about Bill Perry or whether the beers he sells are that great. But I can tell you that I like this guy. That’s because he plans to ban tipping in favor of paying his servers an actual living wage.

I hate tipping.

I hate it because it’s an obligation disguised as an option. I hate it for the post-dinner math it requires of me. But mostly, I hate tipping because I believe I would be in a better place if pay decisions regarding employees were simply left up to their employers, as is the custom in virtually every other industry.

Most of you probably think that you hate tipping, too. Research suggests otherwise. You actually love tipping! You like to feel that you have a voice in how much money your server makes. No matter how the math works out, you persistently view restaurants with voluntary tipping systems as being a better value, which makes it extremely difficult for restaurants and bars to do away with the tipping system.

One argument that you tend to hear a lot from the pro-tipping crowd seems logical enough: the service is better when waiters depend on tips, presumably because they see a benefit to successfully veiling their contempt for you. Well, if this were true, we would all be slipping a few 100-dollar bills to our doctors on the way out their doors, too. But as it turns out, waiters see only a tiny bump in tips when they do an exceptional job compared to a passable one. Waiters, keen observers of humanity that they are, are catching on to this; in one poll, a full 30% said they didn’t believe the job they did had any impact on the tips they received.

So come on, folks: get on board with ditching the outdated tip system. Pay a little more up-front for your beer or burger. Support Bill Perry’s pub, and any other bar or restaurant that doesn’t ask you to do drunken math.

46.What can we learn about Bill Perry from the passage？

A.He runs a pub that serves excellent beer.

B.He intends to get rid of the tipping practice.

C.He gives his staff a considerable sum for tips.

D.He lives comfortably without getting any tips.

47.What is the main reason why the author hates tipping？A.It sets a bad example for other industries.

B.It adds to the burden of ordinary customers.

C.It forces the customer to compensate the waiter.

D.It poses a great challenge for customers to do math.

48.Why do many people love tipping according to the author？A.They help improve the quality of the restaurants they dine in.

B.They believe waiters deserve such rewards for good service.

C.They want to preserve a wonderful tradition of the industry.

D.They can have some say in how much their servers earn.

49.What have some waiters come to realize according to a survey？A.Service quality has little effect on tip size.

B.It is in human nature to try to save on tips.

C.Tips make it more difficult to please customers.

D.Tips benefit the boss rather than the employees.

50.What does the author argue for in the passage？A.Restaurants should calculate the tips for customers.

B.Customers should pay more tips to help improve service.

C.Waiters deserve better than just relying on tips for a living.

D.Waiters should be paid by employers instead of customers.

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第2题
The currency of the US is _______________.
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第3题
Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

“Sugar, alcohol and tobacco,” economist Adam Smith once wrote, “are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation.”

Two and a half centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco. With surging obesity levels putting increasing strain on public health systems, governments around the world have begun to toy with the idea of taxing sugar as well.

Whether such taxes work is a matter of debate. A preliminary review of Mexico’s taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales of untaxed and healthier drinks. By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier fare.

The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government action. Nonetheless, the renewed focus on waistlines means that industry groups are under pressure to demonstrate their products are healthy as well as tasty.

Over the past three decades, the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of its offerings. For example, some drink manufacturers have cut the amount of sugar in their beverages.

Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient. More recently, however, some companies have been investing money in a more ambitious undertaking: learning how to adjust the fundamental make-up of the food they sell. For example, having salt on the outside, but none on the inside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.

While reformulating recipes (配方)is one way to improve public health, it should be part of a multi-sided approach. The key is to remember that there is not just one solution. To deal with obesity, a mixture of approaches—including reformulation, taxation and adjusting portion sizes—will be needed. There is no silver bullet.

46.What did Adam Smith say about sugar, alcohol and tobacco？

A.They were profitable to manufacture.

B.They were in ever-increasing demand.

C.They were subject to taxation almost everywhere.

D.They were no longer considered necessities of life.

47.Why have many countries started to consider taxing sugar？A.They are under growing pressure to balance their national budgets.

B.They find it ever harder to cope with sugar-induced health problems.

C.The practice of taxing alcohol and tobacco has proved both popular and profitable.

D.The sugar industry is overtaking alcohol and tobacco business in generating profits.

48.What do we learn about Danish taxation on fat-rich foods？A.It did not work out as well as expected.

B.It gave rise to a lot of problems on the border.

C.It could not succeed without German cooperation.

D.It met with firm opposition from the food industry.

49.What is the more recent effort by food companies to make foods and drinks both healthy and tasty？A.Replacing sugar or salt with alternative ingredients.

B.Setting a limit on the amount of sugar or salt in their products.

C.Investing in research to find ways to adapt to consumers’ needs.

D.Adjusting the physical composition of their products.

50.What does the author mean by saying, at the end of the passage, “There is no silver bullet”(Line 4，Para.7)？

A.There is no single easy quick solution to the problem.

B.There is no hope of success without public cooperation.

C.There is no hurry in finding ways to solve the obesity problem.

D.There is no effective way to reduce people’s sugar consumption.

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第4题
Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Recently I attended several meetings where we talked about ways to retain students and keep younger faculty members from going elsewhere.

It seems higher education has become an industry of meeting-holders whose task it is to “solve” problems— real or imagined. And in my position as a professor at three different colleges, the actual problems in educating our young people and older students have deepened, while the number of people hired—not to teach but to hold meetings—has increased significantly. Every new problem creates a new job for an administrative fixer. Take our Center for Teaching Excellence. Contrary to its title, the center is a clearing house(信息交流中心)for using technology in classrooms and in online courses. It’s an administrative sham(欺诈)of the kind that has multiplied over the last 30 years.

I offer a simple proposition in response: Many of our problems—class attendance, educational success, student happiness and well-being—might be improved by cutting down the bureaucratic(官僚的)mechanisms and meetings and instead hiring an army of good teachers. If we replaced half of our administrative staff with classroom teachers, we might actually get a majority of our classes back to 20 or fewer students per teacher. This would be an environment in which teachers and students actually knew each other.

The teachers must be free to teach in their own way—the curriculum should be flexible enough so that they can use their individual talents to achieve the goals of the course. Additionally, they should be allowed to teach, and be rewarded for doing it well. Teachers are not people who are great at and consumed by research and happen to appear in a classroom. Good teaching and research are not exclusive, but they are also not automatic companions. Teaching is an art and a craft, talent and practice; it is not something that just anyone can be good at. It is utterly confusing to me that people do not recognize this, despite the fact that pretty much anyone who has been a student can tell the difference between their best and worst teachers.

46.What does the author say about present-day universities？

A.They are effectively tackling real or imagined problems.

B.They often fail to combine teaching with research.

C.They are over-burdened with administrative staff.

D.They lack talent to fix their deepening problems.

47.According to the author, what kind of people do universities lack most？A.Good classroom teachers.

B.Efficient administrators.

C.Talented researchers.

D.Motivated students.

48.What does the author imply about the classes at present？A.They facilitate students’ independent learning.

B.They help students form closer relationships.

C.They have more older students than before.

D.They are much bigger than is desirable.

50.What is the author’s suggestion for improving university teaching？A.Creating an environment for teachers to share their teaching experiences.

B.Hiring more classroom teachers and allowing them to teach in their own way.

C.Using high technology in classrooms and promoting exchange of information.

D.Cutting down meetings and encouraging administrative staff to go to classrooms. @@

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第5题
Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.①Many of today’s most tru
Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

①Many of today’s most trusted sales techniques were invented over a century ago by a young merchant named Eaton in Toronto.21 When he was young, Eaton worked briefly with his brothers in small-town stores. In 1869, he set up his own shop in downtown Toronto. He had many competitors, but he was also ambitious and had a plan for success. He offered a unique style. of trade, but as was expected, all the other shopkeepers laughed at him, believing he would eventually fail. However, Eaton was not a man to be easily defeated; he came up with（To bring forth or discover ） a brand new notion of business – “Goods satisfactory, or money refunded.(to give back)” He sold all his goods at fixed prices and only for cash.23

②With a sharp sense of what the public wanted, he went out of the way(To inconvenience oneself in doing something beyond what is required.不怕麻烦地：超出要求之外做某事而使自己麻烦) to meet their needs. His business grew rapidly. He set up new branches and started mail order service that allowed people to buy from a list of his goods.

③Eaton’s list—advertisements of his day—was the first of its kind. It was distributed and read all over the country. It was the only way to access good-quality goods at reasonable prices for people living far away from big cites.25 It became part of their life. They even called it The Wishing Book. The secret of the list’s success was that Eaton gained the respect of these customers22; they trusted him for good prices and quality goods. Probably because he remembered his miserable early days in Ireland, Eaton thought much of the welfare of his employees: better working conditions, shorter weekday（除了周日或者除了周六周日）hours than his competitors and Saturday afternoons off in the summer. In all this, he was a leader.

21. The best description of Eaton is that ______.

A. he was the richest merchant in Toronto

B. he was a successful technical inventor

C. he introduced new sales practices

D. he changed people’s ideas about businessmen

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第6题
Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

After a long journey from Quebec，Canada in l896，1 was finally in a small office in Kingston，Jamaica.Behind a long table piled with books and papers sat an old man，Mr.Campbell，my new employer and the owner of The Lantern. He stared at me so long，and with such an expression of amazemem，that I became uneasy and embarrassed.And then at last a single sentence came from his lips, “My God!” It seems that he had expected a woman of the then approved type of bluestocking(女知识分子)，and now a baby had been dropped into his lap!

I sat alone with that old man who stared at me as if l were some person of a strange nature.After he had almost stared me down，he began to ask me questlons.

“How old are you？”

“Seventeen.I mean—I’m going on eighteen.”Eighteen was，in fact，eleven months off. ‘‘Have you ever worked before？’’

“I’ ve written things.’’ After a silent moment，during which he glared at me more angrily than ever, he demanded： “What have you written？”

“Potetry, ” I said, and stopped because he said again in that lost voice，

‘‘My God!” “What else？”

“I had a story published in The Star,” I said.

“I’ve got it here, if you’d like to see it.” He made a motion of definite disagreement.

“I taught myself shorthand，’’I said，‘‘and I can take dictation as fast as you can talk.”

“Not a bad idea.” And then he added，“What do you think you are going to do here？”

“Write for your paper，”I said.

“What？”he inquired curiously.

“Why-anything-poetry-” He waved his hand in such a dismissing manner that I got up, though it was my poetry, not I, he wished to be rid of just then. I went neaner to him and said, “I know you don’t want me an I don’t want to stay. I am dory I came.”

“What about the money I paid for you to came here？”he shouted.

“I’m going to lose that？”

21.Mr.Campbell had expected_____.

A.an experienced nurse

B.all experienced joumalist

C.a iournalist with a baby

D.a young female secretary

The girl tried to impress the owner of the paper with_____.A.her experience

B.her innocence

C.a younger age

D.an older age

Mr.Campbell showed some interest in the girl’s ability to_____.A.compose poems

B.write stories

C.take dictation

D.travel alone

On the whole，Mr.Campbell was_____.A.pleased with his new employee

B.amazed by the girl’S literary talent

C.dissatisfied with the girl’S experience

D.angry with the rude manner of the girl

Based on the information provided in the passage，Mr.Campbell would probably _____.A.give the girl the position

B.send the girl back to America

C.ask the girl to show him her poems

D.publish the girl’s poems and stones

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第7题

Part I Reading Comprehension Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge (剧增) of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse (反面) of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriages. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rises. Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability. Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union. Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities. 1. The word “portend” is closest in meaning to “________”.

A、defy

B、signal

C、suffer from

D、result from

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第8题
2. The Act 4 Scene 1 is the famous court scene which reflects many of the themes, such as prejudice and intolerance, greedy vs. _______.
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第9题

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior. Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. ［A］ abilities ［I］ extent ［B］ achieve ［J］ indicates ［C］ appeal ［K］ proceeds ［D］ complaints ［L］ psychological ［E］ contributions ［M］ raised ［F］ displayed ［N］ smart ［G］ essentially ［O］ standard ［H］ eventually

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第10题
The next two questions are related to Script Two: Difference Among Commercial Express ( ) is relatively cheaper, if you send goods over ( ).

A、UPS 20 kg

B、DHL 25 kg

C、DHL 20 kg

D、TNT 25 kg

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