根据材料请回答 51～65_简答题试题答案

第1题

根据下列材料请回答 51～65 题：Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular（心血管的)RiskBreastfeedin

根据下列材料请回答 51～65 题：

Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular(心血管的)Risk

Breastfeeding Can reduce the risk of a heart a attack or stroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of_________ (51)of deaths each year，researchers said on Friday.

Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies(过敏)and are less _________(52)to obesity(肥胖).British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect _________ (53) cardiovascular disease.

“Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in_________ (54)of raising their blood pressure，raising their cholesterol(胆固醇)and increasing their tendency to diabetes(糖尿病)and obesity—the_________ (55)main risk factors for stroke and heart attack，”said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London.

“Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more_________ (56)in the early weeks.”

Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than_________ (57)adults can do to control the risk factors for cardiovascular disease，other than taking drugs.

An estimated 1 7 million people die of_________ (58)disease，particularly heart attack and strokes，each year，according to the World Health Organization Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers_________ (59)as babies had either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas.They reported their_________ (60)in The Lancet medical journal.

The teenagers who had been_________ (61)had a 14--percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk.

The researchers also found that，_________ (62)of the child's right at birth，the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life，the_________ (63)was their later risk of heart disease and stroke，The effect was the_________ (64)for both boys and girls;

“The more human milk you have in the newborn period.the lower your cholesterol level is，the lower your blood pressure is 16 years _________ (65)，”Lucas said.

第 51 题

A．thousands

B．hundreds

C．millions

D．numbers

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第2题

根据材料请回答 51～65 题 Most people would be 51 by the high quality of medicine 52 to m

根据材料请回答 51～65 题

Most people would be 51 by the high quality of medicine 52 to most Americans.

There is a great deal of attention to the individual, a 53 amount of advanced technical e-quipment, and intense efforts not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doc-tors and hospitals must face in the courts if they 54 things badly.

But the Americans are in a mess.The problem is the way in 55 health care is organ-ized and financed. 56 to public belief it is not just a free competition system.To the pri-vate system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not__57 the less fortunate and the elderly.

But even with this huge public part of the system, 58 this year will eat up 84.5 bil-lion dollars more than 10 per cent of the U.S, budget large numbers of Americans are left 59 .These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits 60 income fixed by a government trying to make savings where it can.

The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control 61 the health sys-tem.There is no 62 to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed.When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate person concerned can do is pay up.

Two-thirds of the population 63 covered by medical insurance.Doctors charge as much as they want, 64 that the insurance company will pay the bill.The rising cost of medicine in the U.S.

A is among the most worrying problems fa-cing the country.In 1981 the country's health bill climbed 15.9 per cent about twice as fast as prices 65 general.

第 51 题

A．compressed

B．impressed

C．obsessed

D．repressed

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第3题

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。 Heart Attack Throughout the United States。andespeciall

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。

Heart Attack

Throughout the United States。andespecially in big cities and rural areas．Tens of thousands of people with heartsthat should be good________(1)to keep them alive die each year for lack ofadequate first aid．in New York City, for example。a new study has shown thatonly one person in l 00 0utside of hospitals________ (2)after the heart suddenlystops pumping(怦怦跳动)．In contrast，in Seattle，the survival________ (3)after suchheart attacks is one in five．

“The difference can be traced ________ (4lthe effectiveness of the chain of survival’s，Dr．Joseph P．Ornat0。said．“Each Linkin the________ (5) must be strong Enough for many lives to be________ (6)”Thechain begins with an immediate telephone________ (7) for emergency help and thestart within four minutes of the process needed for restarting the________ (8) working。bya family member or bystander(旁观者)．1t continues with the prompt arrival—withineight ________ (9)ten minutes of a rescuer equipped with a special instrumentthat can shock the heart back to a normal rhythm．And it ends with the administration(给予，实施)ofadvanced(先进的)emergency care by nurses to maintain the heart’s ability tosurvive until the doctors at the hospitals can take________ (10)．When one ormore links in this chain fail or function too slowly, the________(11)Of avictim surviving heart attack falls rapidly．Because of widespread weaknesses inthe chain of________（12)，experts jn emergency heart care estimate that 20，00010 80，000 people________ (13)needlessly of heart attack each year, a numbercomparable to the 55,000 killed annually in automobile ________ (14)．

One expert says，“Sending an emergencyvehicle to a heart attack victim ________ (15)the special equipment is likehaving policemen with guns but no bullets．They may put on a good show, but theylack the weapon needed to get the job done．”

第 51 题

A．enough

B．much

C．many

D．too

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第4题

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。 Preferences Vary on Circumstancesof Dying Amongtermina

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。

Preferences Vary on Circumstancesof Dying

Amongterminally(晚期)ill people，attitudes differ on what they think constitutes a__________(1)orbad death，the results of a new study suggest．

Dr．ElizabethK．Vig of the University of Washington in Seattle and colleagues interviewed 26men with_________(2)heart disease or cancer．The men were asked to describe goodand bad deaths，and they also answered_______________(3)about their preferencesfor dying．

“In this small study．Terminally ill mendescribed good and bad deaths _________(4)。”Vig said．“They did not hold thesame views about such Issues ________ (5)the presence of others at the very endof life or preferred location of death．

Manyof the men considered________(6)in their sleep to be a good death．The reasonswere varied and included not_________(7)that death was imminent(即将发生的)，and thatdeath would be painless．For close to half of the men，a prolonged(拖延的)death was___________(8)abad death．Some of the men associated a prolonged death with prolonged pain，_______(9)others thought a prolonged death would be difficult for their families．

Mostmen said that their_________(10)were very important to them，but this did not mean that they wanted relatives close atthe_________(11)of death．"Valuii‘19 family did not als0___________(12)wantingfamily present at the very end of life。”Vig said．

“In fact，some expressed concerns_________(13)burdening loved ones，”Vig said．For instance．some men were worriedabout the emotional or_________(14)impact on their family members，according tothe Washington researcher．Some were worried _______(15)their need for carewould be a burden on their families，she said．

第 51 题

A．wrong

B．pure

C．good

D．whole

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第5题

根据材料请回答 51～65 TelevisionTelevision is the greatest communication medium ever de

根据材料请回答 51～65

Television

Television is the greatest communication medium ever designed and operated by man.It sends into the human brain an 51 amount of opinions and information and 52 moral and artistic standards for all of us.Every minute of a television program teaches us some-thing.It is never a neutral influence.For example, how and when public issues are 53 depends in large part 54 how they are treated by the television networks in entertainment 55 news and public affair programs.

What the American people think about government and politics in general, as well as a favorite candidate in 56 , is largely influenced by television.

Unfortunately commercial television seldom 57 anything of value to our lives.Many Americans express a deep hostility 58 television because they know most TV programs are 59 poor quality and that sometimes these programs are even 60 .

The question is: how can television be improved？ There are many things the ordinary 61 can do.For example, he can complain to his local TV stations to improve their pro-grams.He can 62 citizens' groups to urge local TV stations to improve their programs.63 , these groups should propose regular analyses of specific TV commercials and pro-grams by educators, doctors, etc, to 64 the influence of these programs on children and adults.Television can be our most exciting medium if we just think about 65 to improve it.

第 51 题

A．endless

B．ending

C．ended

D．end

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第6题

根据以下材料，回答题Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ ScoresYoung adults who are fit，

根据以下材料，回答题

Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores

Young adults who are fit， have a higher IQ and are more likely to go on to university， reveals a major new study __________ （51） out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences （PNAS）. The study __________ （52） 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyses the __________ （53） of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.

The study shows a clear link __________ （54） good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for __________ （55） thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a __________ （56） in the results for the IQ test， and not strength. "Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung __________ （57） and that your brain gets plenty of oxygen，" says Michael Nilsson， professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. "This may be one of the reasons why we can see a clear link with fitness， but not with muscular __________ （58）. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important."

By analyzing data for twins， the researchers have been __________ （59） to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that __________ （60） the link between fitness and a higher IQ.

"We have also shown that those youngsters who __________ （61） their physical fitness

between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance，" says Maria Aberg，researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. "This being the case，physical education is a __________ （62） that has an important place in schools， and is an absolute must __________ （63） we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects."

The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests during national service__________ （64） the socio-economic status of the men later in life. Those who were fit at 18 were more __________ （65） to go into higher education， and many secured more qualified jobs.

回答（51）题查看材料

A.put

B.carried

C.cut

D.taken

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第7题

根据材料请回答 51～65 题 The History of American Marriage The horse and carriage is a th

根据材料请回答 51～65 题

The History of American Marriage The horse and carriage is a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still with us and still closely interrelated. Most American marriages, particularly first marriages 51 young couples, are the result of 52 attraction and affection rather than practical consid-erations. In the United States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children.Teenagers begin 53 in high school and usually find mates through their own academic and social 54 .Though young people feel free to choose their friends from 55 groups, most choose a ma-te of similar background.This is 56 in part to parental guidance.Parents cannot select spouses for their children, but they can usually influence choices by 57 disapproval of someone they consider unsuitable. 58 , marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and in-terracial marriages) are increasing, probably because of the greater 59 of today's youth and the fact that they are restricted by fewer prejudices than their parents.Many young people leave their home towns to attend college, 60 in the armed forces, or pursue a ca- reer in a bigger city.Once away from home and family, they are more 61 to date and marry outside their own social group. In mobile American society, interclass marriages are neither 62 nor shocking.Inter-faith marriages are 63 the rise particularly between Protestants and Catholics.On the other hand, interracial marriage is still very uncommon.It can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and 64 a family.Marriages between people of different national 65 (but the same race and religion) have been commonplace here since colonial times.

第 51 题

A．involving

B．linking

C．connecting

D．correlating

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第8题

根据材料请回答 51～65 We know the kiss as a form. of expressing affection.But long befo

根据材料请回答 51～65

We know the kiss as a form. of expressing affection.But long before it became 51 ,it was the custom in many parts of the world to use the kiss as a(n) 52 of respect.

In many African tribes the natives kiss the ground over which a chief has walked.Kissing the hand and foot has been a mark of respect form. the 53 times.

The early Romans kissed the mouth or eyes as a form. of dignified greeting.One Ro-man emperor allowed his important nobles to kiss his lips, but the 54 important ones had to kiss his hands, and the 55 important ones were only allowed to kiss his feet!

It is quite probable that the kiss as a form. of affection can be traced back to primitive times when a mother 56 fondle her child, just as a mother 57 today. It only remained for society to 58 this as a custom for expressing affection between adults.

We have evidence that this was already the 59 by the time of the sixth century, but we can only assume it was 60 long before that.The first 61 where the kiss became ac-cepted in courtship and love was in France.When dancing became popular, almost every dance figure ended 62 a kiss.

From France the kiss spread rapidly all over Europe.Russia, which loved to 63 the customs of France，adopted the kiss and it spread there through all the upper classes．A kiss from the Tsar became one of the highest forms of recognition from the Crown．

In time，the kiss became a part of courtship． 64 marriage customs developed，the kiss became a part of the wedding ceremony．Today，of course，we regard the kiss as ai expression of love and tenderness．But there are still many places in the world where th。kiss is 65 0f formal ceremonies and is intended to convey respect．

第 51 题

A．it

B．one

C．this

D．itself

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第9题

根据材料请回答 51～65 题 New Technique Promises Earlier Cancer DetectionA new technique

根据材料请回答 51～65 题

New Technique Promises Earlier Cancer Detection

A new technique could revolutionize the early detection of cancer, giving sufferers a greater chance of beating the disease, American scientists said.Researchers at the Massa-chusetts Institute of Technology have devised a novel method of 51 changes in the nucle-us of cells in the earliest states of the disease."More than 85 percent of all cancers origi-nate in the epithelium (上皮) that lines the internal surfaces of organs 52 the body.Al-though these are treatable 53 they are diagnosed in one of the preventable stages, early body damages are almost 54 to detect," said scientist Feld."We present a new optical-probe (光学探子) technique based on light-scattering spectroscopy (分光镜检查) that is a-ble 55 detect pre-cancerous and early cancerous cells in cell-rich epithelia," he added in a statement.

The new technique relies on the fact 56 cell nuclei change in the early stages of can-cer and the differences scatter light in a characteristic way.Until now the changes were only de-tectable 57 a biopsy (活检) was taken, the scientists said.The new technique, 58 in the Sd-ence journal Nature , can be used in conjunction with a routine cancer screening and surveil-lance technique which uses an endoscope (内窥镜)——a flexible optical probe 59 with cam-eras which is inserted into a cavity(空腔)in the body——to check 60 cancers.

The scientists said they 61 their new technique in four different organs during rou-tine endoscopic cancer screening.The tip of the optical probe was brought into contact with the tissue to be tested and the scattering of light was recorded without the need for any tissue to be 62 , the scientists said."Our results show that light-scattering spectros-copy has the potential to detect pre-cancerous body damages and pre-invasive cancers throughout the body.This technique should 63 improve the efficiency of cancer screening and surveillance," the scientists said.Cancer is one of the biggest 64 in industrialized countries. 65 to figures from the World Health Organization, 10 million people were di-agnosed with the disease worldwide in 1997 and six million died.

第 51 题

A．stopping

B．accelerating

C．delaying

D．detecting

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第10题

根据下列材料请回答 51～65 题：The Greatest Mystery of WhalesThe whale is a mammal（哺乳动物)

根据下列材料请回答 51～65 题：

The Greatest Mystery of Whales

The whale is a mammal(哺乳动物)一warm—blooded，air-breathing，giving birth to its young alive，sucking them—and，like all mammals，originated on land，There are many signs of this．________(51)front flippers(鳍肢)，used for steering and stability，are traces of feet。

Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales，and in fact most of a whale’s body is one gigantic muscle。The blue whale’s pulling________ (52)has been estimated at 400 horsepower．One specimen was reported to have________ (53) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the________ (54)of eight knots．

An enraged whale will attack a ship．A famous________ (55)of this was the fate of whaler Essex，which was sunk________(56)the coast of South America early in the last century．More recently ,steel ships have had their plates buckled(扭曲变形)in the same way．Sperm whales were known to________ (57)the old—time whaleboats in their jaw sand crush them．

The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability．The sperm whale can________ (58)the bottom for his favorite food，the octopus(章鱼)．________ (59)that search he is known to go as far down as 3，200 feet，where the pressure is 1，400 pounds，to the square inch．Doing________ (60)he will remain submerged(水下的)as long as one hour．Two feats(绝技)are involved in this：storing up enough________ (61)(all whales are air-breathed)and withstanding the great change in pressure．Just________(62)he does it scientists have not determined．It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels，rather than just held in the lungs。And________ (63)is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body．But________ (64)you can’t bring a live whale into the laboratory for study，no one________(65)just how these things work.

第 51 题

A．Their

B．It's

C．Theirs

D．Its

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根据材料请回答 51～65 Heart AttackIn the United States, and especially in big cities an