A．beginningB．startC．sourceD．origin

Long bus rides are like television shows .They have a beginning ,a Middle and an end –with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes .The commercials are unavoidable .They happen whether you want them or not .Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window . “buy super clean toothpaste”. “Drink Good’n Wet Root Beer .””Fill up with Pacific Gas .”Only if you sleep ,which site equal to turning the television set off ,are you spared the 问unending cry of “You Need It ! Buy It Now !”

The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting ,Even if you’ve traveled that way before .usually some things have changed-new houses ,new buildings ,sometimes even a new road .The bus driver has a style. of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so . If the driver is particularly reckless or daring ,the ride can be an thrilling as a suspense story .Will the driver pass the truck in time ？Will the driver move into the right or the left –hand lane ？After a while,of course,the excitement dies down .sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride .Food always makes bus rides more interesting .But you’ve got to be careful of what kind of foodyou eat .Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.

The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning .You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that .The seat ,of course ,has become harder as the hours have passed.By now you’ve sat with you legs crossed ,with your hands crossed behind your head .the end comes just at the right time . There are just no more ways to sit.

According to the passage ,what do the passengers usually see when they are on a longBus trip？

A.Buses on the road

B.Films on television

C.Advertisements on the board

D.gas stations

What is the purpose of this passage ？()A.To give the write’s opinion about long bus trips

B.To persuade you to take a long bus trip

C.To explain how bus trips and television shows differ

D.To describe the billboards along the road

The write of this passage would probably favor ()A.bus drivers who weren’t reckless

B.driving alone

C.a television set on the bus

D.no billboards along the road

The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because ()A.the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are fun

B.they both have a beginning ,a middle ,and an end , with commercials in between

C.the drives are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on buses

D.both travelling and watching TV are not exciting

The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are ()

A.exciting

B.comfortable

C.tiring

D.boring

The Cash T-account has a beginning balance of $1,000. During the year, $10,000 was debited and $2,000 was credited to the account. What is the ending balance of Cash? ()

A、$8,000 debit balance

B、$8,000 credit balance

C、S9,000 credit balance

D、$9,000 debit balance

B．physical

C．formal

D．substantial

[B] read

[C] touch

[D] collect

B．Before his PhD exams.

C．In 1941.

D．In 1936.

Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.

听力原文： Little by little, Americans are turning to solar power, tapping the strength of the sun for energy.

Solar energy is only in its infancy, however, sunlight has already been used for heating or cooling homes and office buildings in the sunny south. Experts say all signs point to the birth of the solar energy industry. Right now, an increasing number of companies are selling solar collector panels to heat and cool homes or to heat water. The glass and metal panels cost from ＄ 100 to more than ＄ 500 each, and the three or four bedroom homes usually require a dozen or more. They look like sandwiches, or very narrow flower boxes, 3 to 6 feet in width, 8 to 10 feet long, and 4 to 8 inches thick. They are usually placed in rooftops. Nobody knows how many have been sold, and in addition, many people have built their own units. It has been estimated that solar power equipment will be a ＄ 1.3 billion industry by 1995, and more a million homes will use sunlight for heat, air conditioning or to generate electricity, both in the cities and in countryside.

What do we learn about the use of solar energy in the USA？

A．It is very well established.

B．It is relatively new.

C．It is found in one million homes.

D．It is being rapidly expanded.

It was claimed that the new laws passed during the Roosevelt Administration were aimed at______

A．reducing the cost of farming.

B．conserving soil in the long-term interest of the nation.

C．lowering the burden of farmers.

D．helping farmers without shifting the burden onto other taxpayers.

Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.

Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.

Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specially, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.

Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most of ten assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.

In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.

In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is ________.

A．wrong

B．oversimplified

C．misleading

D．unclear